Usually, people connect complex material research to medical development. Medicines are complicated molecules that require new and powerful computing and CAD/CAM (Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing) system. The CAD computer makes simulations. And researchers are making the molecule like some kind of Tetris. In that simulation, they move atoms precisely in the right place.
The computer records those movements and then that thing will send to CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing platform. The molecules are made by using AI-based systems that are making it possible to aim acoustic and electromagnetic impulses at the material. And those impulses are turning molecules in the right positions.
The difference between nanomaterials and old-fashion materials is that nanomaterial is planned from atom to atom. In some models, the carbon in stells is transformed to fullerene or nanotube-fullerene hybrid material. The thing that makes so-called Damascus steel so hard is that its carbon is in fullerene form.
And when something hits Damascus steel the fullerene offers space where the impact energy can go. And if those fullerene balls are replaced by using nanotubes, and fullerene balls, that system can conduct impact energy out of the steel. This requires that the nanotubes are open to the air. The nanotubes conduct impact energy out from the material. Miniaturizing or turning the sand bites in concrete so small as possible is possible to make extremely hard concrete.
Complex structures and molecules are also used to create things like stealth materials. The stealth structures require extremely good knowledge of the materials and radiotechnology. The idea is that material just pulls electromagnetic radiation in it. Then the structure will move that radio wave away from the plane. There are two possibilities to create stealth aircraft.
One is the soft curves that will scatter radio waves. And make radio echo from that structure weaker. The other version is that material simply pulls radiation out from the aircraft's shell. And then aim that radiation away from the point, where the radiation came. That kind of material requires an extremely good control system. The system must control the purity of the material. And it also must control the environment and other things in the system.
Even the best manufacturing systems require full knowledge of the system that they are making. The operator requires that information because that eliminates surprises. Without full knowledge of the system is hard or impossible to control it. The AI is an extremely good tool for that kind of thing. The AI can observe many things like PH values radiation, purity of catalyst, and raw materials.
In nanotechnology, the purity of materials is a very important thing. All reactions that happen in the reaction chamber must be controlled. Things like unexpected elements or energy levels can cause, that sensitive structure cannot form itself in the reaction chamber.
https://news.nus.edu.sg/2d-materials-for-3d-electronics/
https://scitechdaily.com/merging-artificial-intelligence-and-physics-simulations-to-design-innovative-materials/
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