Plasma engines. The route to space planes and interplanetary flight.

“Plasma Jet Engines Could Revolutionize Aviation and End Fossil Fuel Dependency. (CREDIT: Freepik)” (BrighterSide, Next-generation jet engine converts electricity directly into thrust)

In a traditional jet engine, combustion causes the fuel to expand. And then that expansion pushes the aircraft forward. In plasma engines, electromagnetic radiation ionizes air, creating plasma. And then magnets can drive it backwards. This gives. An enormous speed to those ions. The plasma jet and plasma rocket. They are quite the same thing. The difference. Is in the way those engines take gas. That they need. The plasma jet engine takes air from the atmosphere. And then it expands that gas. The plasma rocket uses an internal propellant source. 

But it's possible that a plasma jet can transform into a plasma rocket. The transformation. It happens this way: the system just closes the hatch from the air inlet. And then starts to use its internal propellant storage. These kinds of systems. Their compressor blows air from the side of the engine chamber, which could make it possible to start regular ramjets on the ground. If there is an exhaust hatch and the ability to push air from the side. Makes it possible to launch the nuclear-powered aircraft. Similar to Project Pluto from the regular runways. The hatch at the front of the ramjet allows this system. To drive the exhaust gases to the back. The nuclear engine makes it possible. To create the space plane with unlimited operational time. 

The system. It can make plasma by using electromagnetic radiation. The ionization. At the front of the wing. And a magnetic system. That drives those ions over the wing. It makes the gas move faster above the wing. This causes lift force. Same way as the run on runways causes in the wings of regular aircraft. Same way there is suspicion that the tower. That is in the middle. Of certain saucer-shaped aerial phenomenon. It is meant for some kind of ion propulsion. The system can ionize air. And then drive it very fast over the upper side. Of that kind of saucer-shaped aerial vehicle. That system. It can generate lift-off force by using the ion flow above the craft. 

“Researchers have developed a prototype jet engine powered by microwave air plasmas, offering thrust without fossil fuels. (CREDIT: CC BY-SA 4.0)” (BrighterSide, Next-generation jet engine converts electricity directly into thrust). 

Could this UAP have a plasma engine? That puts gas to flow very fast above this device. Another possibility is that the system. It can have an internal double-propeller system. Like in Kamov-type helicopters. 

In some models, the system creates a ball-shaped plasma structure. Then magnets will drive the plasma forward. That plasma makes the system act like a sail. In this system, the plasma pushes the craft forward. This kind of system can give the craft an ability. To levitate silently.  And if the craft pushes plasma forward. That makes it possible to create aircraft that have no exhaust gases. A plasma engine that takes the gas that it needs from air can fly almost forever. This means those plasma aircraft with plasma jet engines can act as atmospheric satellites. 

They can fly for years. Plasma jet engines. They can also make it possible. To create small-sized drones that have no operational time limits. Because a plasma jet engine is very small. This makes it possible to create pocket-sized drones. That can fly with supersonic speed. The problem is with the power sources. The plasma jet engine requires nuclear power. Or it needs wireless high-voltage energy transfer. The use of traditional turbogenerators onboard the aircraft. 

They are impractical. The aircraft that uses plasma jet engines. They can fly. Also in space.  The plasma jet. It uses internal gas storage. It can transfer to use internal propellant that those systems drive into an expansion chamber. These kinds of space planes. They can make even interplanetary journeys. And operate in other planets' atmospheres. The system can fill its propellant tanks. By using the air that it pulls from the atmosphere. The compressor system can deliver that gas into the expansion chamber. Or it can transfer it into fuel storage. These kinds of space planes could travel to other planets. But they would not be as effective as pulsed plasma fusion systems. The manned interplanetary mission requires something more powerful. Like a so-called VASIMIR (Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket) engine. 

The interplanetary system. It could generate plasma, or pulsed plasma. By using microwave or laser beams. NASA's innovative electromagnetic microwave propulsion system was the “regular” rocket engine. In that system. Microwaves cause expansion in the propellant. And that makes the system an electromagnetic rocket engine. But when we think about the hybrid systems. That connects the air-breathing plasma engines and plasma rockets. Unmanned interplanetary missions could use that kind of system. To take samples from gas giants like Jupiter and Saturn's atmosphere. If this kind of engine is mounted to SpaceX's Starship. That kind of nuclear-powered shuttle. It could take samples back from Mars to Earth. 

https://www.innovationnewsnetwork.com/the-power-of-plasma-propulsion-a-new-era-in-space-travel/60991/

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/science/nasas-new-plasma-engine-could-reduce-travel-time-to-mars/articleshow/130908505.cms

https://www.thebrighterside.news/post/next-generation-jet-engine-converts-electricity-directly-into-thrust/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamov_Ka-25

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_Specific_Impulse_Magnetoplasma_Rocket

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_propulsion_engine

Electric powered aircraft is one of the excellent innovations in the aviation.

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Electric powered aircraft are silent and capable to make the "flying cars", what actually means low prize and sophisticated aerial vehicles possible, and it might have also many other useful possibilities. The electric motors must be powerful, and that limits the operational time. But if the vehicle would be hybrid, this might make it capable to operate in the city area, without disturbing people. In this case, the electric engines are used in lift-off and landings, but when batteries are turning low, the system would start the combustion engine. Of course, the batteries can charge from any socket, what is found, but combustion engines allow to load batteries while the system is airborne.


This allows to flight in the longer periods than pure electric engines allow. There is one possibility to make the clean electric engine aircraft what is lightweight and silent. The fuel cells can be used for creating the electric power to those systems, and if they would use hydrogen as the fuel, there would not be pollution. The term "flying car" means actually the low-prize VTOL-capable (Vertical Take-Off and Landing) aerial vehicles, what can also use as a car, that means that they can be driven on highways. Some of those flying cars are looking like cars, but some of the shapes are more aircraft looking.


Those vehicles are tested by many car and aircraft factories, and the military and civil operators have planned them the great role for many purposes. The techniques that are used to produce them can also apply to the normal aircraft. And in many cases, those flying cars are actually very fast in comparison with the normal helicopter, because they are using blower technology, what makes them very fast. That solution, where the engines and propels are putting inside the tube, makes this solution silent and allows the high rotating speed of propels.


https://www.facebook.com/TechInsiderPresents/videos/640057992868257/

Loading the batteries is the major problem of electric cars and electric powered drones.

(Picture I)

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.com/p/loading-batteries-of-electric-cars-and.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

How to recharge electric car without the need to stop or use combustion motor for loading the batteries, is the major problem with the development of the electric cars. If somebody solves this problem, the driving with that device would be very comfortable and ecological. One very interesting version of loading the electric cars is to use the electric wires, what is mentioned for electric buses and trams. When the electric car needs the recharge, that would just raise the loading boom up to the wires.


And that could recharge the batteries very comfortable Another way is to use the wireless loader, what is actually the copper stick, that would rise near the electric wires, and it can be conducted electricity to the batteries of the car. Those high voltage lines would assembly to the tunnels and other safe places, and when the car drives near them, it just raises the stick to near the wires, and then the system might be loaded in very high speed, and this would make traveling with those cars easily than it is today.

(Picture II)

There is another idea of using this kind of systems to load the batteries and giving power to electric motors. That system can be used in electrically powered drones, what might have the problem to get electricity for the long-term operations in the area, where the sun doesn't shine in the winter. electric engines would allow those drones operate silently and in the many operations like following the water lines, and in the accident situations, operate as the extra communication platform, what can also surveillance the situation by using cameras and other sensors. Reaper- type drones (Picture II) can also operate by using electric motors


One of the major problems with those drones is, that they would not able to land in those situations for refueling, and one way is to use high voltage lines for charging the batteries of those drones. They could fly in the same line with electric wires, and drop the boom to the wires, and that electricity can load the batteries of those silent and ecological drones. Those electric engined drones can also use for military purposes because if they are made with STEALTH-materials, the radar cannot see them and because the electric motor doesn't leave the infra-red signature, would the drone be difficult to locate.


Those drones would not have very long wings, and they are more maneuverable than solar power drones. They might also use solar panels, but that system gives only auxiliary power to that system. There is also capable to use the capillary tube, what sucks the air thru it, and then the air flow would rotate the turbine and dynamo. That tube would also be used as the loader, what brings electricity from the wires. This system was invented by some university, but I don't have the link to that article.

Picture I

 http://www.surrey.ca/images/cos-master/pageImages/Leaf-charge-at-Museum-Feature-Image.jpg

Picture II

http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/files/2012/12/predator-drone.jpg