The polaritons are the tools for nano-size photonics.

"Schematic illustration of the electrical spectroscopy on the polaritonic-based graphene photodetector. Credit: ICFO/ David Alcaraz Iranzo" (ScitechDaily, Tiny Polaritons Unleash a New Era in Nanophotonics)

"Photonics is a branch of optics that involves the application of generation, detection, and manipulation of light in the form of photons through emission, transmission, modulation, signal processing, switching, amplification, and sensing. Photonics is closely related to quantum electronics, where quantum electronics deals with the theoretical part of it while photonics deal with its engineering applications. " (Wikipedia, Photonics) 

Though covering all light's technical applications over the whole spectrum, most photonic applications are in the range of visible and near-infrared light. The term photonics developed as an outgrowth of the first practical semiconductor light emitters invented in the early 1960s and optical fibers developed in the 1970s." (Wikipedia, Photonics) 

The first solution that used photonics was an optical data cable. Those cables are still one of the most secure data transmission systems. It's possible that the system can use outside optical fibers to send so-called empty signals. If somebody changes the form fiber or cuts it the system detects it. Then it can report that anomaly in wavelength to the system supervisors. 

In that system, data travels in an inner optical fiber. That makes outsiders hard to see the data flow.  If somebody wants to eavesdrop on that data. The spy must damage or turn the outside optical fibers. 

And the system notices that. Similar systems can detect things like earthquakes. The movements on the ground stretch and change the route of the light. And that allows observers to see if something or somebody moves the optical cable.

Modern photonics is the tool that makes much more than just transport data.  The high-power computers make it possible to manipulate nano-optical layers. Those layers can transfer photons into wanted directions. The ability to remove reflection from layers is the ultimate tool for stealth technology. And the same thing can make quantum computers more effective. Without reflection, there are not-so-strong artifact effects that disturb the quantum entanglement. 

The ability to create quasiparticles is a great advance in photonics. The quasiparticles can create energy potholes or energy dumps that allow energy and photons to travel in them. The energy potholes in material pull it in together. The quasiparticle can aim photons in the desired direction. And that can make it possible to create the switches and routers for the photonic microchips. 

"In physics, polaritons are bosonic quasiparticles resulting from strong coupling of electromagnetic waves (photon) with an electric or magnetic dipole-carrying excitation (state) of solid or liquid matter (such as a phonon, plasmon, or an exciton).[example needed] Polaritons describe the crossing of the dispersion of light with any interacting resonance." (Wikipedia, polariton) 

https://scitechdaily.com/tiny-polaritons-unleash-a-new-era-in-nanophotonics/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photonics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polariton

The new observation makes it possible. That system can create Schrödinger's cat state in optical pulses.

 The new observation makes it possible. That system can create Schrödinger's cat state in optical pulses. 

The ability to make Schrödinger's cat state to optical pulses is one of the most incredible observations in the world. That thing can revolutionize communication and computing. In experiments, the researchers from Warzaw University used the Fourier transform to create a new type of optical pulse. Wikipedia describes the Fourier transform like this "In physics and mathematics, the Fourier transform (FT) is a transform that converts a function into a form that describes the frequencies present in the original function". (Wikipedia, Fourier transform). 

That transform means that it's possible to calculate the form of original information after it travels through the environment which variables the system knows. The idea is this: if the transmitter sends information as wave movement. And that wave movement is turned flat or its frequency is changed. The Fourier transform makes it possible to calculate the original form of that wave. 

That requires knowledge about the wave movement's original energy level and complete information on how the transformer transformed those waves. That allows to creation of a new state of optics. And the AI can calculate how lenses change the light waves. 

In information theories, Schrödinger's cat, which is same time dead and alive means the information transporter. (Wikipedia, Schrödinger's cat) When a cat is dead, it doesn't carry information. When a cat is alive it carries the information. 

"Researchers have developed a groundbreaking method to perform the fractional Fourier Transform of optical pulses using quantum memory. This unique achievement involved implementing the transformation on a “Schrödinger’s cat” state, having potential applications in telecommunications and spectroscopy." (ScitechDaily.com/Groundbreaking Quantum Leap: Physicists Turn Schrödinger’s Cat on Its Head)

If a cat carries hidden information, it can be at the same time dead or alive. 

If there is a USB stick hidden in the collar the person who hides that USB stick knows that the cat carries information. But other persons or outsiders don't know that cat carries information. So dead cat means that something is meaningless. And a living cat means that the thing means something to somebody. 

Schrödinger's cat means that the same thing can mean something to somebody. And for some other people, the same thing means nothing. In communication, the radio wave can carry purpose signals. That makes them interesting. Or those signals do not carry interesting data. And that makes them dead. 

The Scrödinger's cat is the thing that is dead and alive at the same time. We can describe Schrödinger's cat in information as the transmission that means something to somebody, but what doesn't mean anything to somebody else. So in information technology, Schrödinger's cat state means, that the eavesdropper will not recognize messages when they travel in the data channel. 

And if the transmitter system sends information through the high-voltage wire, that wire is a dead cat. The outsiders will not recognize data that travels in that cable. But the system that communicates by using high-voltage wire knows that there is information. 

https://scitechdaily.com/groundbreaking-quantum-leap-physicists-turn-schrodingers-cat-on-its-head/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%B6dinger%27s_cat

Pictures of Helsinki what are taken in winter 2018

Kimmo H.

Writing about using the academic titles

Kimmo Huosionmaa

The problem with academical lecturer is that they sometimes use too many academic worlds, what nobody actually does understand. Then somebody always says, that the lecturer is hiding behind those terms, what is not very often used in the normal communication between people. The title of superior is the very good thing when some people will want to say “shut up” to another people.


When somebody says, that he or she is the leader of hundreds of workers, would that good weapon in many competitions. The unsharp introduction method sometimes makes the lecture very impressive and also telling a couple of jokes will make that lecture very nice to hear. This is of course just an opposite way if we compile this method with doctoral thesis defense.  But it will make that lecture like some show, what is given to the people in some bar. It will make that lecture feel like some karaoke show, there are lots of talks, but a little number of important things, what supports the society or business life.


If some people mentioned that thing, will that cause the thoughts in the audience's head, that those people are powerful because they can offer the job for those people? And the academical title will give support to that person. If somebody uses academical titles, many people think that those people are so smart and well educated, that they even can’t make mistakes. The academical title is always the good argument when somebody wants to crush another person’s opinions.


But in the normal life is sometimes usual, that some people will hide behind their titles. Finland is the Republic of the titles is sometimes very well on the surface of the normal social life. In the television is very often introduced the person who is in the leading position of the business and social life. The academical title is the very nice thing when this person wants to introduce the political opinions of other people. And of course, the well-known friends boosts trust to that person. Religion is one part of political life, and that’s why religion is a good thing to support the person’s own opinions.


They normally tell the people their own position in some companies. But when the document carries on, there is one thing missing. The thing what, I sometimes miss in the document is, what kind of training those people have. They will very often say that they had studied in the University. But they never tell the people what kind of professionals they are. And this is the very strange thing. If I think those document programs very sharp, we must say that those people are also the very good advertisement for their schools. So why those people would not tell cameras who they really are? In the world of the business is sometimes seen the very sad thing, where bosses say that they have very many henchmen. But they ever say, what will give that position to them.