M-class submarine-monitors were interesting part of history

HMS M-1
(Picture 1)

Kimmo Huosionmaa

A major problem with submarines has always been that they could not attack against ground installations. So a couple of submarines have been equipped with very big cannons, what gave them the capacity to attack against the beach targets. The British  “M-class" submarine with monstrous 305 mm (12 inches). cannon might seem like incredible and bizarre creature, what just waits for being struck. That submarine was created to destroy warships and beach bunkers during WW I and there were only three of those vessels what were accomplished after WW I.


In those submarines were many problems, what caused two bad accidents, where all men of those submarines were killed. And this makes them very interesting creature for investigators. The idea of the submarine, what could also destroy beach bunkers would be very fascinated by the admirals of Royal Navy. But there were problems with the big gun of this submarine.

HMS M-1 fires gun
(Picture 2)

It must be reloaded in the surface, but the submarine could launch it underwater. The mission of those submarines was to destroy coastal installations like oil- and other storage, but officially the mission if those “cannon submarines” were another warships. There were three of that type of submarines, what was accomplished, and the second last one named M-2 was modified as the diving aircraft carrier. The accidents were happened because of the handling mistakes of the equipment or by the impact of other vessels. The M-2 was scrapped after she was modified as the minelayer in 1932.


This kind of submarine could not fight against other warships because a single hole in her hull might cause destruction. Those three experimental submarines were also interested in US NAVY in 1950’s because if the cannons were equipped with nuclear grenades, they might be able to attack against enemy harbors and coastal installations. Those plans were disbanded after the cruise missiles came to the submarines.

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_M-class_submarine

Picture 1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_M-class_submarine#/media/File:HMS_M1_from_air_port_bow.jpg

Picture 2

https://www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk/images/m1mpl2315.jpg

The "Honenbru" mysterious "UFO", what might exist only in the papers.

"Honenbru "

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Was The Honenbru “UFO” Was it created by Nazis or Lockheed Martin is the key question because some of those projects are mentioned made by the Nazis, because the military secrets wanted to cover, and that was the reason for rumors, that Nazis had the UFO. The mission of those claims about co-operation with Nazi-criminals was to close the mouths of the top military specialists, who worked in those projects.

And of course, the rocket science wanted to abandon for the Soviet Union. The Honenbru was the saucer-shaped aircraft, and somebody thinks that the 70 meters diameter disk existed only in the paper, and the question about this craft was making the ultimate fighter and attack aircraft, what had revolutionary aerodynamic capacities.

Avro Avrocar

The team what worked with that radical aircraft design created the smaller craft known as Avro Avrocar, and the model of that craft had five motors which of four are horizontal and one is vertical. They forgot that  If the horizontal motors will start too early, will that cause the catastrophe.

The Shape of the vehicle is actually like hamburger or raindrop, and this shape is taken from nature. That aircraft had the capacity to fly high speed and make sudden movements on the sideways. But the Hypersonic disk is not always been the purpose of this craft. The original purpose was to make the cannon platform, what would have the excellent capacity of movements, because it was heavier than air.

As the propulsion system was used the combination of jet and rocket engines. When the craft would rise too high for the jet engines, this aircraft would transfer to rocket flight. Also, exotic propulsion systems might be tested. Those systems were laser, WARP or ion motors.The problem with the ion-motors is, that if the ion burst will be targeted to the electric circuits, the electric equipment what is connected to this circuit would be destroyed. Also, the most dangerous “zero-point” propulsion systems were planned.

One of the most brilliant ideas of flying the disk-shaped aircraft was used the powerful microwaves for flying this model. The microwaves must be very powerful if they wanted to rise the craft from the ground. If that microwave will hit any target, it will melt immediately. The laser was probably though used for propulsion, in the way there was a carbon stick in the middle of the craft. Then the lasers will heat this stick, and then the overheated air will pull this craft upwards.

The weight of the disk was the problem, and that’s why the engineers made Avro Avrocar system, for testing the capacity of this system. The power source of the aircraft was the very bad problem with the power sources, because those motors needed extreme high voltage electric circuits and the power must create by the nuclear reactor, what uses very highly enriched nuclear isotopes for fuel.

Also, the artificial nuclear material was planned to use for creating the power for that magnificent aerial vehicle. There were planned propels on the edge of the disk for guarantee the soft landing in the case, that this vehicles motor will stop. I think that Honenbru or Avrocar could revolutionize the thinking of the aerodynamics, but those projects were too advanced for the time when they were made.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avro_Canada_VZ-9_Avrocar

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLDqzx5Koyw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0EtFOEkf75E