The first time researchers created RNA molecules that replicate.

Self-replication of the RNA molecules is making it possible to create artificial organisms. Artificial organisms can use for many purposes. The genetically engineered bacteria can clean the human body from viruses. The idea is that artificial bacteria just eat viruses. And then they will close their ion pumps and die. And travel out of the body. The bacteria would just form the bag where the viruses are captured and then it stops its metabolism. 

Because bacteria are dying it cannot create more viruses. The artificial bacteria can also transform to stem cells by using genome transfer. Also, the bacteria can modify to make artificial retroviruses that can make genome transplant for people who have some kind of genetic disorder. 

But the artificial DNA and RNA molecules can also use for making the new type of nanomachines and artificial molecules. Genetic engineering can make it possible to increase the number of mitochondria in cells. And that thing makes them stronger. 

But artificial lifeforms can be much more complicated than we even think they could. 

There are three ways to benefit genetic engineering and biotechnology for robotics and computing. The size of the biorobot is not limited. And the ways how the robot can use biotechnology are listed here. 

1) Robots can use cloned neurons for making electricity for them. In that case, the electric cells that are making electricity for the animals like electric Eels can use to make electricity for robots. 

In some scenarios, the cells of fungus or vegetables are hybridized with those electric cells. And they can use it to make the electricity for the robots. 

2) The core of the robots can create by using diatomic cells. That thing is making it possible to make the core. That can fix its damages automatically. The bioships might not work in space but things like submarines can use those things. 

3) The robots can use the cloned neural tissue for making decisions. That means those systems have artificial brains that are working like normal brains. The brains that are made by using cloned neurons can use as biocomputers. 

Biological batteries are one of the most interesting targets for use of biotechnology.

The biological battery is the tank where is the cells are producing electricity. Those tanks can connect to series or parallel coupling. And that means the only thing that separates them from chemical batteries is that the electricity is produced in living cells. The electric eel can deliver electricity from 650 to 860 volts. And that kind of electricity can use to move large-size systems. Those cells that deliver that electricity can also be cloned or culture in cell cultures. 

When we think of things like robots that are using biological power sources the size of those robots might be very big. The thing is that the number of those cells determines the voltage that they can deliver.  The electric cells can use to deliver electricity to the mobile telephone as well as the ion engines of the spacecraft. In the last case. Electricity will first load to the battery. Which makes it possible to create high-voltage electricity. 

The thing is that the capacity of those electric cells is the only thing that limits their use. The large-size tanks with electric cells can load electricity to capacitors. And that can increase the voltage of those systems. And maybe someday in the future things like laptop computers can use biological electric cells in their batteries. The cells are needed only nutrients for making electricity. 

https://phys.org/news/2019-09-species-electric-eel-highest-voltage.html

https://scitechdaily.com/new-insight-into-possible-origins-of-life-for-the-first-time-researchers-create-an-rna-molecule-that-replicates/

https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/

Researchers can read the jellyfish's mind.

 Researchers can read the jellyfish's mind.

For making new. And more effective BCI chips (Brain-Computer Interfaces). Researchers should know precisely how the neurons are working. In the human brain is 200 billion neurons which is making observation of the actions of single neurons difficult. That's why the research must begin by using species whose neural systems are simpler than humans. And one of them is jellyfish. 

The deep knowledge of the actions of neurons helps to connect certain changes in EEG curves to certain actions in the body. The BCI can make the revolution in nanotechnology and robot control. But when we are thinking about the possibility to model the simple neural structures. Researchers can create new and more independent nanomachines. There are three types of BCI systems that are under development. 

1) The BCI (Brain-Computer Interface) is connected with human brains. And that thing is the thing that is used to control prosthetics. But the same systems can also control robots or give commands to computers. In some systems, the user of the BCI is moving the virtual character on the screen. 

The same system can use to move prostheses can use to move the virtual characters.  And then, the movements are transferred to a physical robot. The BMI (Brain-Machine Interface) is acting through the computers. And it can be the next-generation tool for robots which mission is to operate in extreme conditions. 

2) The microchips that are communicating with cloned neurons. In that case, the half-organic and half-silicon-based microchip can solve problems and control the things like nanomachines very independently. 

This kind of microchip is the neuron cell culture that is connected to the normal microchips. The use of living neurons makes it possible that the small-size system can be very independent. Because the living neurons are giving those systems very high power computing capacity. 

3) The microchips that are used to control animals. The CBI (Computer-Brain Interface) is the opposite acting system. To the BCI where brains are controlling computers.  The CBI system can use to control the behavior of the animals like birds, fishes, and bugs. 

The bugs can carry the sensors to the targets. The microchips are used to make biorobots. And if those microchips are connected to animals they are turned to intelligent. So what would you do with the wolf that has human intelligence? And the implanted microchips can make things like intelligent army ants real. That kind of thing is called ABW (Advanced Biological Weapons) 

But those systems can make things that are beyond the worst nightmares. The CBI or opposite acting BCI microchips can use to control things like ants. And if the microchip is installed on the army ant. That means those systems can use to make those ants act as the eliminators. They can slip into houses and then use to attack people or destroy things like gas masks. Those microchips can turn every bug in the world into a weapon. 

https://scitechdaily.com/caltech-researchers-read-a-jellyfishs-mind/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_ant