Sunday, March 31, 2024

Japanese art gives inspiration for next-generation fusion systems.


"Inspired by Kintsugi, scientists at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) have developed a method to manage plasma in fusion reactors by utilizing magnetic field imperfections, enhancing stability and paving the way for more reliable and efficient fusion power. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily.com,Ancient Japanese Art Inspires Next-Gen Fusion Reactor Breakthrough)


During fusion tests, high-energy plasma travels in the particle accelerator. The problem with fusion is that this plasma is monotonic. There is only one type of ion. The system must press those ionized atoms against each other where their cores melt to new elements. 

During that process deuterium and tritium turn into helium. In some models, tritium is replaced by helium 3.  The big problem is this: when a fusion reaction ignites. That energy impulse pushes plasma away. That impulse breaks entirety. So there should be some pockets, where the energy impulse can go. Or it breaks the ion ring. 

The distance of those nuclei is turning too high. And that ends fusion. In some models, the deuterium and tritium turned into the ion and anion that particle accelerators shoot together. In that model, the fusion reactor is a "Y"-shaped system where the ions and anions impact together. 

What if fusion starts at the outer edge of the plasma ring? This thing requires a new shape of fusion. The new fusion system can create an apple-shaped hollow fusion where the system injects high-speed plasma ions. Another way is to shoot laser rays through the plasma that orbits in the Tokamak reactor. 

Another way is to make the fusion system that begins the fusion at the outer edge of the plasma material. In that ring-looking ignition model, there is a laser or ion beam. That conducts energy out from the inside of the plasma. The plasma structure itself is hollow. And the problem is how to deny the energy reflection from the inner structure. The thing that destroys the ion structure is the energy impulse that will travel out of the system. 

In some other models, there is a thermal pump or some kind of electromagnetic or acoustic beam that can make a lower energy area in fusion material. The idea is that there is a hole where the system can drive high-energy plasma. 

Then the system will ignite fusion conducting high-energy ionized plasma in that lower energy point. The idea is that the high-energy plasma can act like a diesel-engine piston. It pushes the plasma to the chamber wall and the magnetic field pushes it back. That system can ignite fusion at the edge of the plasma structure. 

This thing makes energy space travel in the plasma. If plasma sticks inside the surrounding plasma high energy makes energy move into the plasma very smooth. Then the laser ray transports energy out from the middle of the fusion. 


https://scitechdaily.com/ancient-japanese-art-inspires-next-gen-fusion-reactor-breakthrough/

The mutation that helps animals in the Chernobyl nuclear disaster area resist cancer can help to win against cancer.

Image: (Iflscience, Chernobyl's Mutant Wolves Have Evolved Anti-Cancer Abilities)


The animals at the Ukraine, Chernobyl nuclear disaster site seem to create resistance against cancer that radioactive fallout causes. And how wolves and other animals created resistance against cancer and radioactive radiation is simple. Radioactive fallout and radioactive exposure destroy a population that cannot resist radioactive radiation. That thing caused an effect where the genome enrichment started. 

The ability to resist radioactive radiation is interesting. The ability to create artificial genomes makes it possible for nanotechnology can connect those DNA sequences. That gives those animals resistance against cancer to human genomes. Nanotechnology makes it possible to connect genomes between species. The next-generation gene therapy is one of the most interesting things. 

The ability to transfer DNA between species makes it possible to create pigs. That can form human organs. It also can make it possible to create cows that form cheap insulin. The same thing can also make it possible to clone the pancreas cells. So gene therapy can reprogram the pancreas to produce insulin again. 

"Researchers have discovered that proteins from tardigrades, known for surviving extreme conditions, can slow molecular processes in human cells, offering promising applications in aging research and cell storage. This finding paves the way for developing new technologies to enhance human health and treat diseases." (ScitechDaily, Unlocking the Secrets of Immortality: Tardigrade Proteins Slow Aging in Human Cells)


Natural selection removed cancer genomes from the population thing caused the effect where only animals that can resist cancer can make descendants. And that thing is one of the examples of how changes in the environment can make evolution faster. The data collected from those animals can give new ideas for a cure for cancer. Maybe someday we can remove cancer genomes from our genetic material. Those animals at nuclear disaster sites can give genetic material that can used to remove cancer genomes from the human body.

Another interesting thing is how the tardigrade proteins slow aging in human cells. That thing is interesting because this makes it possible to increase lifetime. Tardigrades are small insects that can turn themselves into conditions where their metabolism is almost zero. Another thing that extends a lifetime is that the cell can remove the metabolism waste from inside it. This is why people who have a wealthy lifestyle seem younger. In their case, there is less toxic waste in their cells, because high metabolism removes the metabolism waste from the body. 


https://www.businessinsider.com/chernobyl-wolves-resistant-to-cancer-despite-high-radiation-exposure-2024-2

https://www.earth.com/news/chernobyl-wolves-have-evolved-resistance-to-cancer/

https://www.iflscience.com/chernobyls-mutant-wolves-have-evolved-anti-cancer-abilities-72831

https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/animals/a46799706/mutant-wolves-of-chernobyl/

https://scitechdaily.com/unlocking-the-secrets-of-immortality-tardigrade-proteins-slow-aging-in-human-cells/

Saturday, March 30, 2024

The new quantum materials are coming.


"Researchers have devised a quantum mechanics-based approach that significantly improves the prediction and enhancement of metal ductility, leading to the development of metals that are so durable they could be considered “unbreakable” for their given application. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Quantum Breakthrough Paves Way for “Unbreakable” Metals)


When we think about things like neutron stars one of the reasons why it is so hard to break is this: Neutron star is a homogenous object. On its shell are only neutrons. The neutrons are spinning in one direction. The spin of the entirety is so fast that the impact energy is distributed evenly on that structure. Another thing is that individual neutrons also spin vertically relative to the equator. And that drives energy out from that structure.  

And that drives energy out from the neutron star. Normally. Neutrons can exist at 877.75 seconds if it's outside the atom nucleus. But in neutron stars. Those neutrons are in powerful gravity and electromagnetic fields. Those fields pump energy to neutrons. So theoretically is possible to make a quantum net there is neutron rolls. Those neutron rolls can drive energy out of the structure. And that makes this structure a very strong thing. 

The idea is that atoms, ions electrons, and other subatomic particles form the quantum rolls that transport energy to the wanted direction. The idea of unbreakable material is that. The material can transport energy through it or away from it immediately after energy stress. In that process, the material must not form internal standing waves. 

"Fiber-Coupled Single-Photon Source. Credit: Swati Foujdar". (ScitechDaily, Practical Quantum Devices Now Closer to Reality – Scientists Unveil Room Temperature Photonic Chips) This kind of system shoots laser beams through the holes in the material. That system can transport energy out from it. 

The thing that makes superconducting materials interesting is that there is no Hall field or resistance field in that material. That means the material can transport electromagnetic energy straight through it. Because there is no reflection of the superconductors are invisible to radars. And quantum materials can turn the superconducting effect to other wavelengths. 

In the simplest versions of the quantum materials is a lower energy layer below a higher energy layer. That makes energy travel to the lower energy layer. And if there is a laser ray or thermal pump in the middle of the structure, that thing can pump energy out of the structure. 

The thing that makes steel strong is that there is carbon. That carbon forms energy pockets in the steel. And those energy pockets make steel stronger. The fullerene carbon makes Damascus steel stronger than regular steel. 

"A quantum emitter centrally placed within a hybrid metal-dielectric bullseye antenna, designed for highly directional photon emission. The antenna’s unique structure allows photons to be efficiently coupled directly into an optical fiber, showcasing a pivotal enhancement in quantum photonics technology with implications for secure communication and advanced quantum computing applications. Credit: Alexander Nazarov" (ScitechDaily, Practical Quantum Devices Now Closer to Reality – Scientists Unveil Room Temperature Photonic Chips)




Pure iron is normally fragile. The reason for that is there are no other atoms than iron that can act as energy pockets. This makes the iron fragile because impact energy forms standing waves in that structure. And sooner or later, those standing waves destroy the structure pushing iron atoms away from each other. 

But if the iron atoms spin oppositely as groups. There could be a line in the middle of the structure where those atoms or quantum rolls face each other. In that model, the quantum rolls push energy straight through the layer. Ot if those quantum role divisions spin into the edge of the material they can transport energy to the edge of the structure and away from it. 

Quantum materials are materials that benefit the quantum states of atoms. The ability to control quantum states in materials gives new abilities for material. If researchers can control the atom's spin they can create metals that conduct impact energy straight through it. That requires that those quantum balls spin oppositely. 

If all atoms and particles have a spin in the same direction. The energy levels of those atoms are higher at the front of the structure and lower at the back of the structure. 

That thing allows energy can flow in one direction in material. And that can make material to drive quantum fields in a certain direction. This allows to transfer of energy away from it. And it can make it possible to create the unbreakable steel. 



https://scitechdaily.com/physicists-have-uncovered-a-new-spin-phase-in-quantum-materials/


https://scitechdaily.com/practical-quantum-devices-now-closer-to-reality-scientists-unveil-room-temperature-photonic-chips/


https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-breakthrough-paves-way-for-unbreakable-metals/


https://scitechdaily.com/unmasking-the-secrets-of-superconductor-phase-iii/



Saturday, March 23, 2024

The new advances in genetic engineering make revolutionary ways to control genome polymerase.

 


The new advances in genetic engineering make revolutionary ways to control genome polymerase. And make it possible to create even new, synthetic species. 

The genetically engineered hemp can create spider silk in its fibers. That makes it possible to create spider silk for new types of clothes. Spider silk is natural kevlar. That can used in many things like wear-resistant textiles. 


Researchers make new things with genomes. They created gene-hacked cows and almost created artificial life in the lab. The gene-hacked animals and vegetables can make a new way to make some antibodies for virus infections. 

The artificial bacteria can create new materials for R&D work. The spider silk is one of the strongest materials in the world. If researchers create hemp whose fibers are spider's silk. That thing revolutionizes material technology. 

The question is, what is the definition of artificial lifeforms? Things like bacteria that make spider silk and cows that create insulin are the first steps in full-scale genome transfer and genome combinations.  We can create hybrid species that can have new abilities. 

The Neuraport microchip can make the brain in vat true. The brain in a Vat means the artificial brain that communicates with computers. Those systems can be more intelligent than humans. Researchers can connect those brains under the same entirety. 

The base of this technology is in mini brains that researchers created for medical research. The 3D printing technology and life support systems make it possible. That researchers can grow the human brain in laboratories. And they can connect those brains with computers. 




And we can create artificial neurons using genome transplant. In that process, even vegetable cells can turn into neurons. The artificial viruses can make those genetic transplants. the virus must destroy the old genome from the cell's nucleus. And then replace the original DNA using new DNA. 

And that allows us to transform some species into another. Those artificial neurons can be used in mini brains that the medical industry uses for medical tests. Or those mini-brains can be the next tool for the "iron-based" AI. 

In that AI the artificial brain will control things like robots. The advanced microchips communicate with those neurons. They can give more abilities to the AI. Organic AI is a tool that can learn like humans. In the future artificially cloned neurons to fix brain damage. 


It's possible. The computers with human intelligence levels based in the brain in the vat will communicate with robots through the internet sooner than we expect. 


There are many advances in genetic engineering. Things like advanced nanotechnology and advanced AI are making breakthroughs in genetic manipulation. Researchers are working with artificial chromosomes and cloned neurons. 

Those things are advancing our knowledge of genetic engineering. Making new things with the genome system requires information about the base pairs. And their functions. Without that information, the genomes are dangerous. The artificial chromosomes make it possible to create humans with customized abilities. 

When we think about things like lack of pure water genome transfer can give the possiblity to make the new human species that can drink salt water. Or creatures that can be more resistant against cancer and chemical, and radioactive pollution. The Chornobyl animals are somehow mutated. But the mutations are different than people think. 

The animals who live near the Chornobyl nuclear accident site seem to be resistant to cancer. This is why researchers are interested in this kind of case. There is also a fungus that lives in extreme radioactive conditions. And that thing makes Chornobyl very interesting thing. 


https://futurism.com/artificial-life-lab-rna


https://futurism.com/neoscope/gene-hacked-cow-produces-milk-human-insulin


https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/animals/a43457220/chernobyl-dogs-dna-evolution/


https://scitechdaily.com/engineered-bacteria-eat-waste-plastic-and-make-spider-silk-natures-kevlar/


https://scitechdaily.com/vast-implications-scientists-develop-novel-technique-to-form-human-artificial-chromosomes/


https://theecologist.org/2022/feb/01/animals-deformed-chernobyl

Friday, March 22, 2024

USAF conducted its first successful hypersonic weapon test.


The hypersonic weapons have shown their abilities in Ukraine. Russian Kinzhal missiles are almost impossible to drop before they hit the target. The Chinese military also made successful operations and training with hypersonic weapons. Hypersonic weapons are the next-generation weapons. 

Their purpose is to destroy large-size heavily defended targets and one target is the aircraft carrier. The speed of those weapons is 5+ times faster than the GAU-8 "Avenger" ammunition, and if a 1000 kg object hits a ship with speed Mach 6-9 that thing releases very high impact energy. 


AGM-183ARRW is the response for the Kinzhal missile (above). 

The term "hypersonic weapon" means a weapon whose speed is over Mach 5. That speed gives those weapons extremely high muzzle velocity and impact energy. That means that small-size hypersonic weapons can cause very bad damage even if there is no warhead. China and Russia are both ahead in this kind of weapon development. The USAF successfully AGM-183 Air-launched Rapid Response Weapon (ARRW). During a military exercise. The Air Force canceled the ARRW program a couple of years ago, and the weapon coming back. 



The first mention of the Russian attempt to create hypersonic missiles was just after the Soviet collapse. The idea was that the missile or rocket would raise the hypersonic missile out from the atmosphere. Then that missile comes back into the atmosphere. And the hypersonic weapon starts to fly with a ramjet engine. In some versions, the ramjet-driven missile will jump out from the atmosphere and then dive back. 

In some versions of those stories, the heavy Soyuz FG or Proton rocket carries a ramjet-driven missile to the orbiter with a heavy rocket. Then the point where that missile will dive back is very hard to predict. And the high-speed ammunition is a hard target for defense. 



The thing is that the hypersonic missiles are not new things. The Nazi-German researchers created the first idea for that system. The idea was that the small shuttle would be launched to the orbiter or near the orbiter, and then that shuttle returned to the atmosphere. In that procedure, it releases 45 kilograms of hypersonic ammunition to the target. The name for that paper project was Silbervogel. 

The railguns and hypersonic bullets are the next-generation weapons. In some models, the small shuttle will return to the atmosphere with a speed of Mach 5+. Then it opens fire with machine guns. The pressure cone is very dangerous at those speeds. And Russia developing hypersonic bullets that they can shoot from rifle-caliber weapons from tanks. That system makes those tanks superior to others. 


https://www.dw.com/en/russias-hypersonic-missiles-what-you-need-to-know/a-61204404


https://theaviationist.com/2024/03/01/guam-hosts-hypersonic-weapon-training-with-live-arrw-missile/


https://www.thedefensepost.com/2022/05/17/usaf-air-launched-hypersonic-weapon/


https://www.twz.com/35530/check-out-this-b-52-stratofortress-carrying-two-agm-183-hypersonic-test-missiles


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AGM-183_ARRW


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAU-8_Avenger


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh-47M2_Kinzhal


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(rocket_family)


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silbervogel


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz-FG


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_(rocket_family)

Monday, March 18, 2024

China plans to make a giant railgun for launching satellites to orbiters.





China plans to make a giant railgun for launching satellites to orbiters. But what else should it launch? 


Jules Verne's novel "From the Earth to the Moon" introduces a giant cannon called "the Columbiad". This giant multi-chamber cannon sent the main characters on a Moon trip in this Victorian-era novel. The cannon couldn't send the manned spacecraft to the orbiter. But the idea remains. 


The firing of the fictional Columbiad (Wikipedia: From the Earth to the Moon)




In the 1940's Nazi German researchers tested the multichamber cannon called V-3. The problem was that explosives detonated wrong times in those chambers on both sides of the barrel. The V-3 could shoot the arrow-looking grenade with tail wings to long distances. 

Then researchers suggested that NASA could make the long railgun to the side of some mountain. That could allow shoot Pegasus rockets to near the atmosphere's edge. NASA rejected that plan. But now Chinese developers are making that kind of system, that could shoot small satellites to orbiter. 


China has developed railgun technology for the navy. And that means this giant railgun has military applications. 


But we all know how interesting the Chinese are about spaceborne military applications. Their miniature shuttle is one thing, that can have an ASAT role in the military service. The shuttle is quite similar to the X-37B. It's seen under the Harbin H-6 bomber, but the magnetic railgun can make its operations more effective. 

Wikipedia: V-3 Cannon


Chinese developers plan to make a giant railgun or electromagnetic accelerator that could launch small satellites to orbiters. The giant railgun is a powerful tool. The idea is the same with particle accelerators. And the difference is that the magnetic accelerator accelerates a small rocket or satellite to the orbiter. Chinese military can use those small rockets as ASAT weapons against other satellites. 

The railgun can shoot things like Pegasus-size rockets into near space edge. And there that rocket can ignite its engines. The thing is that the small-caliber railgun makes a new type of military threat to the Western world. The small railgun can shoot similar nuclear grenades used in Operation Upshot-Knothole Grable-test.

The 200-300mm. 15 kiloton nuclear explosive is a hard target for the defense. And the railgun can accelerate them to the intercontinental flight. Another thing is that small hypersonic gliders can also cause problems for western forces. 


https://asiatimes.com/2024/03/china-building-giant-hypersonic-railgun-for-space-launches/

https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/chinas-navy-railgun-out-sea-trials-heres-why-it%E2%80%99s-threat-us-navy-40812

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3219753/chinas-secretive-spacecraft-returns-earth-after-9-month-mission

https://www.space.com/china-space-plane-depoyed-mystery-objects

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbiad

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/From_the_Earth_to_the_Moon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_Pegasus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upshot-Knothole_Grable

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-3_cannon



The new atom clocks make records in time measurement.


"Multilevel atoms on a superradiance potential “rollercoaster” inside an optical cavity. The system can be tuned to generate squeezing in a dark state where it will be immune to superradiance. CreditSteven Burrows/Rey Group". (ScitechDaily, Quantum Leap: How Spin Squeezing Pushes Limits of Atomic Clock Accuracy)


New atom clocks use a method called spin squeezing to measure time. The new, highly accurate atom clocks can measure things, like gravitational waves, and dark matter. And many other things. Ability to measure time very accurately based in a fully controlled environment, where outcoming electromagnetic effects are minimized. In the quantum atom clocks the number of used atoms is minimized. And that minimizes the atom's interrelational energy effect. 

The atom clocks are used to research things like time dilation and in highly accurate measurements. Large groups of atom clocks that interact with LIGO-type laser systems can act like an insect's net eye that measures gravity waves. 

Atom clock can measure the time between laser transmission and its echo very accurately. The maser- or radio maser technology makes it possible to create also high-accurate radio-wave-based radar systems. 


Atom clocks are required in radar technology. Where radio waves and echo travel between the object to the plate. In those systems, the radar measures the time that a radio wave travels between the transmitter and the object. The system measures the form of the object using multiple small antennas that send highly accurate coherent radio waves. 

The system must measure the time between transmission and echo in every single antenna separately. The maser system can use nanotechnology to make an antenna group that acts like an insect's net eye. And nanotechnical atom clocks are lightweight systems. 

In traditional atom clocks, there was Cesium in the chamber, and then the Geiger meter calculated the radioactive elements that travel in it. That thing gives a higher accurate time measurement than regular quartz crystals. But things like gravity wave measurements require more accurate systems. In the newer atom clocks, the radioactive element's temperature is fully controlled, and the radioactive crystals are protected against outcoming radiation. 

The idea is that there are things like nano-crystals where Cesium or some other atoms are stored. And in the new atom clocks radioactive atoms hover between sensors. 

The new atom clocks use nano-size crystals where cesium or strontium atoms are trapped. That makes atom clocks safer. However, the use of a minimal number of radioactive materials minimizes the interrelative effects of those atoms. This thing makes atom clocks safer in the case, that somebody wants to steal those systems. 

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-leap-how-spin-squeezing-pushes-limits-of-atomic-clock-accuracy/


Saturday, March 16, 2024

The new AI tools are making better drugs and predicting diseases.

"An AI model developed by the Beckman Institute enables precise medical diagnoses with visual maps for explanation, enhancing doctor-patient communication and facilitating early disease detection." (ScitechDaily, X Marks the Spot: AI’s Treasure Maps Lead to Early Disease Detection)


The GlycoSHIELD AI-based software will revolutionize drug development. The software can simulate the morphology of sugar coats in proteins. That makes it easier to simulate how proteins. And cell's ion pumps interact. Another tool that makes AI more powerful in drug development is new observation tools like nano-acoustic systems. Those systems with very accurate X-rays and other systems can search how neurotransmitters act between neurons. 

The ability to control pain requires the ability to deny the neuro-transmitters travel between neurons. The systems of tomorrow may use some other method than chemical opioids to deny neurotransmitters reach the receiving cell. Those methods can be acoustic systems that destroy neurotransmitters before they transmit the pain signal. Or there could be some kind of fat, that can collect neurotransmitters from the axon hole. The problem is how to transport that fat to the right point and how to remove that fat when the injury is improved or fixed. 

"A NIH-funded study led by Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) aims to utilize artificial intelligence to guide chronic pain patients toward mindfulness-based treatments rather than opioids. By analyzing patient data through machine learning, the research seeks to identify individuals who would benefit most from non-pharmacological interventions, potentially reducing opioid dependence and offering more personalized care. This innovative approach, focusing on chronic lower back pain across diverse populations, could revolutionize pain management and healthcare costs. Credit: Melissa E. Arndt" (ScitechDaily, Avoiding Opiates – A New AI Prescription for Pain)


And that information makes it possible to create new treatments that can be suitable for replacing opioids. The nano-acoustic systems can trap neurotransmitters in the sound waves. Or the acoustic system can destroy those transmitters before they can travel between axons. The other version could be medicine, which marks those neurotransmitters that transport pain signals to immune cells that they must destroy or transport those neurotransmitters away. 

In some models, engineered fat cells. Or cells can put that fat between neurons in the case of pain. Those genetically engineered fat cells can collect or close those neurotransmitters in the fat. And when pain is over the immune cells can collect that fat away. This version requires genetical engineering so that the fat cell can mark this plague for immune cells so that they can remove it. And it must also tie those neurotransmitters. 

This is one vision for systems that can replace opioids. The AI can also collect and analyze information from different sources. That system makes it possible to combine complex data from complex sources. 




"GlycoSHIELD transforms the way sugar chains on proteins are modeled, facilitating drug development with its fast, user-friendly, and energy-efficient algorithm, marking a significant stride in both green computing and medical research. Model of the sugar shield (green) on the GABAA receptor (grey) in a membrane (red) generated by GlycoSHIELD. Credit: Cyril Hanus, Inserm, University Paris-Cité" (ScitechDaily, GlycoSHIELD: New Software Revolutionizes Drug Development)



By the way... 


The AI can predict medical diseases by combining data from other patients. And that thing makes the AI an ultimate assistant to doctors. But the AI can also predict things like volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. The AI can use similar algorithms in that process as it is used for analyzing humans. The sensors analyze different things, but they analyze temperature, earth oscillation, water flow in rivers, and other things like electricity. So the researchers can modify healthcare programs for that purpose. 

And this makes the AI a very good tool for predicting natural diseases. The AI collects datasets about things that happened before the volcano eruption. Then this system compares this dataset with data that sensors give about volcanoes. This makes the AI predict the eruptions. 

But also things like houses with bad conditions have certain details that cause fire and other damages. The AI can collect data about the details of houses that have bad electric wires. Or some other problems. Then the AI can compare that information with other houses. 

The thing is that corrosion is always a similar process. The corrosive process with similar metal alloy is always the same in certain temperatures, radiation, and acidic environments. That means the AI can predict dangerous corrosion very accurately. And that helps the operators plan the service for those tubes and other systems. 

https://scitechdaily.com/avoiding-opiates-a-new-ai-prescription-for-pain/

https://scitechdaily.com/glycoshield-new-software-revolutionizes-drug-development/


https://scitechdaily.com/x-marks-the-spot-ais-treasure-maps-lead-to-early-disease-detection/


Nano-acoustic systems make new types of acoustic observation systems possible.



Acoustic diamonds are a new tool in acoustics. 





Another way to make very accurate soundwaves is to take a frame of 2D materials like graphene square there is a hole. And then electrons or laser beams can make that structure resonate. Another way is to use the electromagnetic field that resonates with the frame and turns electromagnetic energy into an oscillation in the frame. 


Nano-acoustic systems can be the next tool for researching the human body. The new sound-wave-based systems make it possible to see individual cells. Those soundwave-based systems or nano-sonars are tools that can have bigger accuracy. Than ever before. The nano-sonar can use nanodiamonds or nanotubes as so-called nano-LRAD systems that send coherent sound waves to the target. In nanotube-based systems, the nanotube can be in the nanodiamond. 

The term acoustic diamond means a diamond whose system oscillates. The system can create oscillation sending acoustic or electromagnetic waves to the diamond. Diamond transforms that oscillation into sound waves. The system can create oscillation conducting electricity to diamon or it can use laser rays to create extremely strong sound using nanodiamonds. The laser ray can form a so-called photoacoustic phenomenon in diamonds. The laser ray pushes carbon atoms forward it sends oscillation waves in that structure. When the oscillation starts in a diamond, its atomic structure aims soundwaves into one point. 

Nanodiamonds are the tools that make it possible to create very highly accurate and strong sound waves. Those soundwaves can holes in walls and metal structures. So they can used as acoustic drills. The nano-acoustic systems can used as new ultra-accurate sonar systems. The nano-diamond-based sonars can uncover invisible details. Nanodiamond-based acoustic crystals can used to send extremely accurate sound waves into targets.


And that thing makes them also very effective acoustic weapons. The acoustic laser (LRAD) systems can use acoustic diamonds to make coherent sound waves. In those systems, loudspeakers are replaced using acoustic diamonds. And those systems can create acoustic wormholes through the gas. That makes them effective tools for nanotechnology, and those systems can have weapon applications. 

There could be a straight carbon molecule in the nanotube, And then the oscillation in that diamond is sent to the nanotube, which uses the carbon chain to aim those acoustic waves precisely at the right point. The system creates oscillation using some other acoustic system. That transfers waves into the nano-diamond. Or the system can send laser waves into that nanodiamond. Those nano-acoustic systems can act as sonars where sound waves reflect. Or those systems can send acoustic waves through the object, where they act, as acoustic X-ray machines.

In some visions, the nanodiamonds can offer a new way to create small-size flying machines. Nanodiamonds can create stable mono sounds that can make small-size drones fly without moving parts. There could be a series of nanodiamonds on the layer. And then the system sends oscillation into each of them in turn. This kind of diamond-based system can make soundwaves that offer small-size aerial vehicles the ability to hover above the layer. 

The "patterned low-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound" systems can used to detect things from brains. Those systems have no poisonous side effects. And the nano-acoustics make them extremely accurate. High-accurate ultrasounds can search for things like blocks in blood vessels. 

They can see anomalies in blood vessels. But if their accuracy is good enough they can observe living neurons and neuro-transmitters by using ultrasound systems. That kind of system allows researchers to see interactions in living bodies with new tools and new accuracy. 


https://www.freethink.com/health/ultrasound-brain-stimulation

https://scitechdaily.com/the-brilliance-of-diamonds-transforming-the-world-of-semiconductor-technology/

https://scitechdaily.com/ultrafast-electronic-characterization-of-proteins-and-materials/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-range_acoustic_device

Wednesday, March 6, 2024

Quantum breakthrough: stable quantum entanglement at room temperature.


"Researchers have achieved quantum coherence at room temperature by embedding a light-absorbing chromophore within a metal-organic framework. This breakthrough, facilitating the maintenance of a quantum system’s state without external interference, marks a significant advancement for quantum computing and sensing technologies". (ScitechDaily, Quantum Computing Breakthrough: Stable Qubits at Room Temperature)

Japanese researchers created stable quantum entanglement at room temperature. The system used a light-absorbing chromophore along with a metal-organic framework. This thing is a great breakthrough in quantum technology. The room-temperature quantum computers are the new things, that make the next revolution in quantum computing. This technology may come to markets sooner than we even think. The quantum computer is the tool, that requires advanced operating- and support systems. 

When the support system sees that the quantum entanglement starts to reach energy stability. It must start to create another quantum entanglement and transport data out from the first entanglement. Another way to make the quantum entanglement stable. Is to pump energy out from the receiving part. 

Information is like the plague on the qubit. And quantum entanglement is like a wire that transports that plague to another qubit. So, qubits are particles in both ends of quantum entanglement. The system makes superposition and entanglement between those particles. 

In that process, the system adjusts those particle's oscillations into the same frequency, and if another particle's energy level is lower, that makes the energy and information flow to the lower energy particle. Stable quantum entanglement is required. That the system can keep receiving part of the quantum entanglement at a lower energy level. 



"The team has developed a world-leading MWP (Microwave Photonics) chip capable of performing ultrafast analog electronic signal processing and computation using optics. Credit: City University of Hong Kong" (ScitechDaily, 1,000x Faster: Ultrafast Photonics Chip Reshapes Signal Processing)

When both sides of the qubit are at the same level, a standing wave between them breaks quantum entanglement. The support system can send a side-coming laser beam to the receiving qubit. That makes it transport energy into the lower energy particles. Then the system must create a qubit to the opposite side. Those qubits can form a morphing network in the system

The AI-controlled systems require microchips that can operate at very high speed. The photonic microchips are 1000X faster than regular microchips. The photonic microchips do not form magnetic fields around them. And that system can operate with quantum computers. The AI-based operating systems control photonic microchips whose mission is to turn binary data into qubits. And that thing makes photonic microchips more powerful than ever before. 


AI-based kernels and operating systems increase those systems' power. 


In the structure, the photonic microchips can also act as morphing tools. It's possible. That the morphing microprocessor can change its state between quantum computers. And binary computer. That makes this kind of system flexible and powerful. The new metamaterials make it possible to create switches and logical gates that make this system more effective. 

When researchers want to make extremely fast binary microprocessors. They can use three lines. Two lines transport data. The operating system system interprets data that travels in line 1 as zero (0). Data that travels in line 2 is interpreted as one (1). There is also the third line, that tells that the power is on in the system. This kind of system can have three layers. 


1) Regular binary layer that runs AI-based operating system. 

2) Photonic processor layer. 

3) Quantum layer.


The regular binary layer controls the AI-based kernel. The photonic microchips can be even faster than nobody believed. The system may give numbers for every data impulse that it sends through photonic microchips. In that system, the bit has a recognition part, but that requires the AI-based operating system and AI-based kernel. 

In that system, the transmitter sends number 1 (or 3,5,7...). That tells the operating system that the data bit comes from line one. And when the system sends 2 (or 4,6,8..) That thing is interpreted as line 2. The regular binary system is the thing that controls the photonic system. 

That helps the AI-based operating system connect those bits in the right order if there is a malfunction in those lasers. The wire 1 can give odd numbers to the bit. And line can give an even number for the bit. That ability to number those bits makes it possible to transport data in one line. 


https://scitechdaily.com/1000x-faster-ultrafast-photonics-chip-reshapes-signal-processing/


https://scitechdaily.com/metamaterial-magic-scientists-develop-new-material-that-can-dynamically-tune-its-shape-and-mechanical-properties-in-real-time/



https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-computing-breakthrough-stable-qubits-at-room-temperature/





Why AI should forget things?


Memory is like an attic. If there is lots of stuff that makes it slow and if the attic is full of stuff, that means the owner must check much more merchandise than in a clean attic. When people are cleaning their attics and carrying unnecessary merchandise away. 

That makes it easier to use that room. People forget things because that makes their memory effective. If there are left only things. that people need that makes the memory effective.  And one reason for removing things from memory is that we don't use them. In this text system, the brain and computers follow the same rule. They forget because their memory is not unlimited. 



Image:Quanta Magazine

Why do we forget? Forgetting things makes our memory more effective because there are not so many memories. Memory is an impressive thing, but even human memory is not unlimited. When the system stores something in memory, it must reserve one memory unit for each memory. And when the system wants to find something in memory, that requires that it must check every memory unit. The memories of computers and the human brain operate the same way. They store memories in a network structure. That memory does not have unlimited capacity. 

So, if we don't use some memories, we should not store them. If the system erases memories that it doesn't use, that releases those memory units for new memories. Memory is like a network of cells that form a network and reconnect those cells in a morphing neural network makes possible to reshape images and memory entireties. 

When artificial intelligence erases some memories, it does the same thing that regular computer users do every spring. It cleans its memory from unnecessary data, which makes it faster. The algorithm determines how often a user or program must open a certain file. If the file is not open, or it has no other connections with used software, that means the system erases that file. That kind of thing makes the AI more effective. 

https://www.quantamagazine.org/how-selective-forgetting-can-help-ai-learn-better-20240228/

Fusion startup plans to clean orbital trajectories using laser rays.



The idea of lasers use as satellite killers is not new. The problem is how to create high-power lasers that can operate at the orbital trajectory. Another problem is how to remove debris from the orbiter. The satellite killers are based on the new ideas to remove space junk from orbiters. 

The same systems that are used to remove space junk can be used in wartime to push enemy satellites to the ocean. The other version is to use EMP impulses to shut down enemy satellites. This system is required for removing EMP or FOBS (Fractional Orbital Bombardment System) weapons from the orbiter. Also, it can destroy low-flying recon satellites pushing them into the atmosphere. There is suspicion that FOBS is a so-called sleeping satellite, equipped with a nuclear warhead. 



In some other models, satellites can use tiny soft ammunition that can push the targeted satellites to the atmosphere without destroying them. In some other versions robot connects small balloons to satellites, and then the laser detonates those balloons to push the satellite out from its trajectory. There could be some marking system in a satellite. That tells if there is a malfunction. And it must removed from space. 


There are plans for the Flying recycle bin or junk collect spacecraft can take those non-operational satellites out of the orbiter. The spacecraft just pulls the targeted satellite in it. And then it returns to the ground. This helps to keep classified military satellites secretive. And the crew can analyze if there are attempts to affect that satellite. 


In the future, there can be service robots at orbiters whose mission is to connect small rockets to satellites that are not operational anymore. Then those small rockets can push satellites to the Pacific Ocean. 

In some visions, the satellite operators must leave a small fuel dose to the satellite, so that they can push them into the atmosphere. Another vision is that satellites can be equipped with heat shields and satellites, and they would return to the ground using parachutes. That allows us to use those systems to analyze the cosmic radiation effect on microchips. And then a normal recycling center can recycle those satellites. 

The idea of this kind of thing is not to destroy satellites. Or this kind of lasers will not put them into pieces. The idea is that a laser system can push a satellite or another space junk into the atmosphere. The high-accurate laser ray can hit a hole in the satellite's fuel tank. 

And leaking fuel pushes satellites into the atmosphere. The laser that makes this operation can be ground-based. The mirror that is above the orbital trajectory can aim the ground-based laser at the target, and then reflect laser ray into the targeted satellite. 


https://www.freethink.com/space/space-junk-fusion


https://thehill.com/opinion/national-security/578797-the-return-of-fobs-china-moves-the-space-arms-race-into-the-nuclear


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_Orbital_Bombardment_System

Tuesday, March 5, 2024

Photonic Microchips and AI-based operating systems make the most powerful systems in the world.

"DataCebo, an MIT spinoff, leverages generative AI to produce synthetic data, aiding organizations in software testing, patient care improvement, and flight rerouting. Its Synthetic Data Vault, used by thousands, demonstrates the growing significance of synthetic data in ensuring privacy and enhancing data-driven decisions. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Generative AI: Unlocking the Power of Synthetic Data To Improve Software Testing) 

In software testing, the AI can connect itself with simulators or record data from environments or similar systems. Then the interactive AI can interact with those systems and models. Similar systems can used for physical tools. 

"DataCebo offers a generative software system called the Synthetic Data Vault to help organizations create synthetic data to do things like test software applications and train machine learning models. Credit: Courtesy of DataCebo. Edited by MIT News."  (ScitechDaily, Generative AI: Unlocking the Power of Synthetic Data To Improve Software Testing) 


The new microchips can revolutionize the quantum computer development. Those photonic microchips are systems that can keep a computer's temperature low. It's possible. Photonic microchips can also change their states between binary and quantum modes. Those new microchips require highly advanced operating systems that can control them accurately. 

The microchip itself does nothing. Operating systems and software are also important tools for successful computing.  In AI-based systems, the center of the system is the language model. That model can search for things on the Internet. 

Or it can use limited datasets. The AI-based operating system can activate needed applications. Or if that application is not installed or the system has no access to it. That AI-based system can search that application from the application store. Then the system can ask, will the user wants to use a keyboard or spoken words. Starting to drive commands to that application. The application might involve a database. That tells the AI what kind of commands the application requires. And then the AI can use those commands to control the application. 


"Researchers have developed a groundbreaking light-based processor that enhances the efficiency and scalability of quantum computing and communication. By minimizing light losses, the processor promises significant advancements in secure data transmission and sensing applications. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Quantum Computing Takes a Giant Leap With Light-Based Processors)


Generative AI can use synthetic datasets to improve research. 


The morphing network. Along with generative AI, morphing networks can collect data from multiple data sources. That means it can collect data from multiple laboratories. And the networked AI can use simulations with highly accurate computing to make simulations of the materials and their behavior in certain environments. When we think about synthetic data, we can use multiple sources to get that data. And we can connect arbitrary numeric and chemical values in that data. This type of dataset can simulate thermal effects in microchips very accurately. 

The new and powerful AI requires an AI-based operating system. That can control microchips and other hardware interaction with software very accurately. That allows the system to shut down part of the microprocessor's cores if its temperature rises too high. 

Image: FreeThink.com



The over-human software developers that are AI-controlled development environments that are the most effective systems in the world can use this type of synthetic data for the R&D process. 

In the case of physical systems like cars or ships, this kind of tool can collect data from different accidents. And things that cause most inspection rejections. Then the system can collect data from other vehicles where those points don't cause denies, and then that system can connect those solutions with new models. In the same way, the AI-based software development tool can search for things like data security- and other vulnerabilities following parameters that are stored in the system. 

The AI-controlled developer can connect with the AI-based operating systems. That can adjust the microchip operations. That thing makes those systems even more effective. However, the AI-based software development system requires an operating system that interacts between software and hardware. 

https://www.freethink.com/robots-ai/ai-software-engineer


https://scitechdaily.com/generative-ai-unlocking-the-power-of-synthetic-data-to-improve-software-testing/


https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-computing-takes-a-giant-leap-with-light-based-processors/

AI and fusion.


Artist's rendition of a nuclear fusion reactor. (Intersting Engineering, New superconducting magnets ready for fusion reactions, say scientists)



AI has a great ability to control entireties. The new AI-controlled fusion systems can precisely control the energy levels in the systems.  The ignition point is one of the biggest problems in fusion systems. If the energy level in high-speed plasma is too high, that thing causes a shockwave that destroys the entirety. Plasma spreads to large areas that the magnetic fields can control. When ignition happens the system must press plasma together, or shockwave and energy entropy destroy the plasma ring. 

The precise point of the plasma ring where ignition happens is one of the most important things. If fusion starts inside the plasma ring, that thing causes an outgoing shockwave. And that shockwave destroys the plasma. If the ignition area covers the entire plasma ring, and it happens at its shell the ignition forms a shockwave that travels into the plasma and presses it forming large-area fusion. 

That's why ignition must happen in the entire plasma ring if we talk about torus or tokamak reactors. In some visions, the plasma ring will start in high-temperature conditions. 

Then the system sprays opposite pole particles into the tokamak reactor. And then those particles should impact the plasma ring. If those impacts cover the entire plasma ring, that should cause a pressure wave that will create fusion into the entire plasma ring. 


"A a view from inside the OMEGA target chamber during a direct-drive inertial fusion experiment at the University of Rochester’s Laboratory for Laser Energetics. Scientists fired 28 kilojoules of laser energy at small capsules filled with deuterium and tritium fuel, causing the capsules to implode and produce a plasma hot enough to initiate fusion reactions between the fuel nuclei".(ScitechDaily, Scientists Demonstrate Effective Fusion “Spark Plug” in Groundbreaking Experiments)

 The temperatures achieved at the heart of these implosions are as high as 100 million degrees Celsius (180 million degrees Fahrenheit). The speed at which the implosion takes place is typically between 500 and 600 kilometers per second (1.1 to 1.35 million miles per hour). The pressures at the core are up to 80 billion times greater than atmospheric pressure. Credit: University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics photo / Eugene Kowaluk" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Demonstrate Effective Fusion “Spark Plug” in Groundbreaking Experiments)


"Focused ion beam technology is pivotal in nanoscale materials processing, with a new EU report outlining its broad applications and potential for future breakthroughs in science and technology. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Ion Beams Unleashed: The Nanotechnology Game Changer)



The pulse-plasma fusion or "the candle model". 


Basically, crossing ion and anion beams can begin a fusion reaction. In those systems ions and anions are impacting. And that forms fusion that can release very high power energy impact. 

In the candle model, the anions and ions impact along with the laser beams that ignite fusion. One of those systems is two crossing linear accelerators where ions and anions impact. The linear accelerator can shoot those particles together. And in the same moment, the system shoots laser rays at the impact point. That is a simpler system than tokamak, and the fusion is easier to create. But there is always a problem with how to make fusion systems create more energy than used. 

The other version is called the candle model. In that model, the fusion system pushes ionized gas from the tube to the fusion chamber. Then the system injects opposite pole plasma into the ignition chamber. The system looks like NIF (National Ignition Facility). 

Except there is an ion pumping system around the protective building. The ion accelerators increase those ions speed and then they will impact with the anions that come from the tube. Along with high-power laser systems that system should create oscillating ion-anion fusion that could give more energy than it uses. 


https://www.freethink.com/energy/nuclear-fusion-reactions


https://interestingengineering.com/energy/new-superconducting-magnets-ready-for-fusion-reactions-say-scientists


https://lasers.llnl.gov/about/what-is-nif


https://scitechdaily.com/ion-beams-unleashed-the-nanotechnology-game-changer/


https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-demonstrate-effective-fusion-spark-plug-in-groundbreaking-experiments/

Monday, March 4, 2024

Graphene as an insulator. And nano-size hovercraft.


"Schematic representation showing how a graphene layer protects against water. The electrical current flowing along the edge of the topological insulator indenene remains completely unaffected by external influences. Credit: Jörg Bandmann, pixelwg" (ScitechDaily,Quantum Leap in Ultrafast Electronics Secured by Graphene’s Atomic Armor) If electricity transports water in one direction. The system can use the same effect to transport miniature robots on water. 



"Amalgamation of experimental images. At the top, a scanning tunneling microscopy image displays the graphene’s honeycomb lattice (the protective layer). In the center, electron microscopy shows a top view of the material indenene as a triangular lattice. Below it is a side view of the silicon carbide substrate. It can be seen that both the indenene and the graphene consist of a single atomic layer. Credit: Jonas Erhardt/Christoph Mäder)" (ScitechDaily,Quantum Leap in Ultrafast Electronics Secured by Graphene’s Atomic Armor) 



New electric systems require an extremely good insulator. Nanotechnology means that old-fashioned insulators are useless. A graphene membrane can protect components against water. The electric flow in the graphene makes it a good insulator that denies the inner side of the topological insulator getting outside effects. That kind of thing makes graphene one of the most interesting materials. The same thing that can make graphene repel water can be used in new nanotechnical solutions.

One of them is the nano-size robot that can hover above water. The system can make an electric load on graphene, and the system can hover above the layer using some nano-acoustic systems. That thing can make the small graphene hovercraft rise above the water layer. 


In a graphene structure, the fullerene balls are like small wheels that transport the miniature machine forward. There is the possibility that nano-diamonds send acoustic waves that make this system hover and move at least in liquids. In nanotechnology, small sizes of machines make them more effective and behave in other ways than their "big versions". 

In some models, graphene can trap water molecules. When the system turns the minus or plus poles in a certain way. It can be used to aim ion beams into the right position. The system can put behind the object, and then the ion cannon shoots ions. In that case, the opposite electric pole pulls ions into it. And that increases the ion system's accuracy. 

Graphene can also be used to trap water in it. The ability to change the direction of the water molecule makes it possible to create ultimate stealth materials. If the system can turn the molecule's positive or negative side outside, that thing makes this thing possible to create a layer that can pull electricity or radiowaves in it. 


https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-leap-in-ultrafast-electronics-secured-by-graphenes-atomic-armor/


https://learningmachines9.wordpress.com/2024/03/05/graphene-as-an-insulator-and-nano-size-hovercraft/



Ion beams are next-generation tools for nanotechnology, military, and medical use.



"Focused ion beam technology is pivotal in nanoscale materials processing, with a new EU report outlining its broad applications and potential for future breakthroughs in science and technology. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Ion Beams Unleashed: The Nanotechnology Game Changer)



Ion engines use ions as thrusters. The ion accelerator pushes ions back into the magnetic track. Then those ions will transport craft forward.  

Ion beams are particle flows that are formed by electrically loaded particles. The systems can use ion beams to transport material over distances. The system can ionize things like raw materials and send them to the receiver. That must only remove electricity from ions and turn them into neutral atoms. 

The ion beams can also destroy cancer cells and disinfect surfaces. In some visions. Sometimes in the future, the ion systems can used to create giant 3D structures. And that makes it possible to create space stations using ions and anions that are stored in tanks. But today we are far away from that thing. 

In nanotechnology, ion systems can play billiards with ionized atoms. And that thing makes it possible to create 3D structures. The accurate ion systems make it possible for the system. That can adjust the energy that focuses on the structure. The highly accurately adjusted energy allows those systems can shoot ions into the structure without breaking it, and that makes it possible to use them as highly advanced 3D printers. That can make very accurate atom structures. 


Acoustic or electromagnetic wormholes can allow the system to shoot ions in long range. The system can use a combination of acoustic wormholes and laser beams that make the ion channel through the air. If the wormhole or eruption channel is empty enough. 

That can be used to shoot antimatter particles to the target. In those cases, the antimatter particles must not touch the material. The photon or laser accelerators can pull energy to the ions and anions when they fly through the wormhole. 

Ion beams can used in highly advanced military systems. If in the negative ion beam are also protons or positive ions that help to keep the beam in the formation. The ion cannon can shoot ions in long distances if it shoots that particle flow through acoustic wormholes. 

The acoustic- or pressure wormholes are the channels in the air. The system can make them using some kind of acoustic system or the systems that shoot laser rays through the air. Lasers or some other electromagnetic radiation can used to make a plasma channel that allows the ion system to shoot ions in the long range. 


https://scitechdaily.com/ion-beams-unleashed-the-nanotechnology-game-changer/


The AI makes advancements in the atomic force microscopy.

"Researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign have introduced an AI technique that significantly improves Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) by enabling it to visualize material features smaller than the probe’s tip. This breakthrough, offering the first true three-dimensional profiles beyond conventional resolution limits, promises to revolutionize nanoelectronics development and material studies". (ScitechDaily, New AI Breaks Fundamental Limitations of Atomic Force Microscopy)


"Atomic force microscopy (AFM) or scanning force microscopy (SFM) is a very-high-resolution type of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), with demonstrated resolution on the order of fractions of a nanometer, more than 1000 times better than the optical diffraction limit." (Wikipedia, Atomic force microscopy)


The atomic force microscopy is one of the sharpest known systems in the world. 


The AFM  (Atomic Force Microscopy) is not the same as a scanning tunneling microscope. But connecting those two microscopes. It's possible to create more fundamental microscopes than ever before. If a scanning tunneling microscope can hover a single photon between the stylus and layer, that thing will be more powerful than previous systems. The ability to stop single photons makes this kind of system possible. 

Scanning tunneling microscope bases the stylus. And the particle hovers between the layer and that stylus. Scanning tunneling microscope sees objects that are smaller than atoms if electrons hover between layer and stylus. The scanning tunneling microscope's accuracy depends on the hovering particle's size. 


"An AFM generates images by scanning a small cantilever over the surface of a sample. The sharp tip on the end of the cantilever contacts the surface, bending the cantilever and changing the amount of laser light reflected into the photodiode. The height of the cantilever is then adjusted to restore the response signal, resulting in the measured cantilever height tracing the surface." (Wikipedia, Atomic force microscopy)



The scanning tunneling microscope sees atoms, but there is one bad thing. The large-scale scale structure scan takes time. If the scanner uses a tool, that is smaller than atoms almost every structure is large. The thing in AI is that it can control large entireties very accurately. So the system can use a large group of scanning tunneling microscopes. The large group of stylus and hovering particles makes it possible to create a net eye. That can scan larger areas. 

This ability is necessary in nanotechnology. When a system creates complicated structures, it must see what it does. The new types of AI-based solutions are the tools that revolutionize nanotechnology. In nanotechnology, the AI controls a large number of observation and control tools at the same time. 


"An artist’s rendering of nitrogen vacancy centers in a diamond anvil cell, which can detect the expulsion of magnetic fields by a high-pressure superconductor. Credit: Ella Marushchenko" (ScitechDaily, Quantum Leap in Superconductivity: Harvard’s High-Pressure Breakthrough)


Harvard's new high-pressure superconducting is more fundamental than we might believe. 


In new superconducting systems, the diamonds give an acoustic effect. The system can use photo-acoustic mode, where laser light transports energy into those diamonds. Diamonds are homogenous structures that can create identical acoustic waves. Those acoustic waves can put very high pressure on the object. And that system can turn material superconducting at a higher temperature than usual. 

In superconducting technology, pressure can compensate for low temperatures. And that makes it possible to create superconductivity in higher temperatures. The system can adjust superconductivity using soundwaves and can hover some objects between diamonds. Then that object can act as an antenna that conducts em-radiation into the wanted position. 

The AI can also make new types of superconducting solutions possible. The pressure-based superconducting makes it possible to control the superconducting state. When the pressure system is on, the system presses the object into the superconducting shape. When the system doesn't require a superconducting part. It can turn off the pressure system. That system can make fundamental things in microchips and nanotechnology. Of course, superconducting systems can make solid-state, compact quantum computers suitable.

One point there this kind of system can use is in next-generation radar technology. Small-size superconducting antenna can give new abilities for radars. When the acoustic system is off, the radar operates in normal mode. Then acoustic system turns the radar into superconducting mode. 


https://scitechdaily.com/new-ai-breaks-fundamental-limitations-of-atomic-force-microscopy/


https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-leap-in-superconductivity-harvards-high-pressure-breakthrough/


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_force_microscopy


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_probe_microscopy

New systems allow researchers to follow cellular communication wirelessly.

"To improve biosensing techniques that can aid in diagnosis and treatment, MIT researchers developed tiny, wireless antennas that use l...