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How to create artificial muscles, and how they might improve radical airplane designs?


(Picture 1)

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Making artificial muscles helps to make nano drones and another kind of things, what needs extreme flexible material. The first one is the biotechnical method, where the normal muscle cells would be grown on the nutrient base. After the necessary number of cells have been grown, and then their nucleus and other things, what is inside those cells can be filled with silicon other other inorganic material, and then both sides of the muscle cells would be connected the electric wire. After this those cells would be covered by the plastic layer, that is emptied of air.


The thing what makes the muscle cell to pull and push are the myofibrils, what are in the outer layer of the cell. This technology is based on the same experiment, what is made by Galvani in 18th. century. He connected one of his batteries to the cut frog feet, and he noticed, that the electricity makes those feet to move. Also, neurons could be pulled empty, and then fill them with inorganic material The reason for this action, that this denies that this artificial muscle would stand longer. The problem with the biologically produced artificial cells is that they would be rotten.

The polymeric layer would protect those things against strikes and it makes easy to install the electric components to that structure. If the user wants, there might be used also natural neurons, but they must be filled something, what denies the rotten. The neurons can be replaced by nanotechnical electric wires, what are actually very thin gold- or copper wire, what is installed on both sides of the cell.


Another way is to make small bags, what is filled with electrolytic liquid, as I have written before. Both sides of this bag would be installed the electric wires, what makes it work like the normal muscular cell. The use of this kind of muscle cells can be found in new kind of robots, what can look like birds or bugs. Artificial birds need the wing what can pull up in the form of the wave. That would lower the need for fuel.


Artificial muscle can be used to make airplanes, what wings can change the form. It allows to make the wings, what can change their form, like inflect the edge of the wing. And it allows the sharp control to flaps. But when we are thinking about to use this kind of muscle in robotics, that would be possible to make the small size drone, what would move like the bird, by flapping the wings. And it would be cheaper to produce than the carbon fibers, what allows this kind of movement. And those artificial muscles might be mass produced some day. They would make the artificial animals feel more realistic and that would interest animal investigators and intelligence services.

Sources:

https://www.sciencenews.org/article/flying-animals-can-teach-drones-thing-or-two

Picture 1.

https://www.sciencenews.org/sites/default/files/main/articles/feature_drones_opener.jpg
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