Autonomous drone technology is advancing.

Drones are game changers in the Ukrainian conflict. Their R&D cycle is so short. That things that had top priority a couple of months ago. They can become old-fashioned in a couple of months.  We know that without drones. Ukrainian defence would fall. The new autonomous, AI drones are now in use. Autonomous AI-controlled drones are the new tools for military and other systems that must operate in places. There.  EM radiation can disturb control signals. The optical wire-controlled drones are effective. But their optical wire causes limitations. In the worst cases, those wires can be spotted. And the laser systems or drones. The mechanical cutters installed can cut that wire. The wire-controlled drone. It also has limits in its operational range. 

The independently operating drones that can use AI to search and destroy targets are the new tools. The independently operating drones can be like full-size aircraft. Or some other vehicles. Drones. They can transmit reconnaissance data. During their flight to the target. They can also be used to transmit data. About the radars and target detection routines of the anti-aircraft systems. 

The first independent fighter drones made their debut. In combat exercises. Those “Ghost Bat” drones. They are the first public versions of the AI-driven systems. The AI-driven long-range stealth drones. They can be the response to the extremely long-range operations. Like Iranian nuclear facility destruction. The B-2 bombers. They made that mission. In a 36-hour operation. There, they dropped GBU-57MOP bunker-buster bombs on those targets. Those MOP bombs. They can also destroy nuclear missiles in their silos. 

The AI-controlled jet fighters. They can make those systems. More surprising than ever before. The AI-controlled systems. They can make kamikaze attacks. And they have the ability to make air-combat manoeuvres during those operations. Data that those drones share.Can be used to train AI. Training AI pilots can be done by using simulators. The simulator operators create tactics and manoeuvres that are suitable for any situation. The AI that operates aircraft is quite easy to train. 

A normal flight combat simulator. It can be used as an interface that trains those drones. AI can give a new dimension. To the loyal wingmen drones. Those drones. They could act as jet fighters. But they could also act as missiles. Same way as aircraft. Naval vessels can get a seaborne version of those loyal wingmen. This means that submarines and surface ships can be escorted by kamikaze boats or small underwater kamikaze drones. The kamikaze drone boats. 

Electric-powered versions of drones. They could operate under and above the surface. The nuclear batteries. They can give all surface-, underwater. And airborne vehicles unlimited operational time. 

They can also escort any surface vessel. Things like RTG (Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators) give underwater and other drones virtually unlimited operational range. Transforming some Shahed-type drones into RTG-powered drones is not very difficult. The drone requires a nuclear isotope battery. Those drones might not make attacks. Or they can carry missiles and drones under them. Even if those drones are slow. They might not be easy targets. Stealth technology makes them invisible to radar. So. Small-sized RTG-powered drones. They can operate unseen in hostile airspace. 

And an electric engine. It could carry an attack drone under it. The problem. It is that. If those nuclear batteries fall into the wrong hands. That radioactive material can turn dangerous. But the RTG is a suitable powerhouse. For the nuclear-warhead torpedoes. And the nuclear-powered airborne drone. It can turn. To use a jet engine when it must make an attack. The nuclear-powered reconnaissance drone can operate indefinitely. But attack drones must have conventional engines. Unlike nuclear reactor-based technology. 

The RTG is suitable for high-flying stealth drones. They don’t leave a radioactive trace behind them. Those drones don’t need oxygen. The nuclear-powered drone can fly at very high altitude. Even if aerodynamic controls don’t work. The drone. It can glide to lower altitudes.

The larger-sized drones can carry smaller drones. And the new tools are the underwater drones. The underwater drone can conduct reconnaissance and intelligence missions in enemy areas. Those drones can also protect larger submarines. When we think about underwater. Long-range nuclear torpedoes. Those weapons are not always 50 megaton-class. The 10-15 kt warhead . It makes it possible. To create an unmanned system. That fits into the torpedo tube. 

Small unmanned drones can escort larger submarines. When something threatens those submarines, those underwater loyal wingman drones. They can attack that threat. Those drones. They can use hydrogen-oxygen. Air-independent power sources. That system uses bottled hydrogen and oxygen in its power cells. 

And they can carry other drones. Those drones. They can make operations into hostile harbours. And then they can cause damage to the larger vessels' hulls. In the case of submarines, even a small hole. In its pressure hull can turn devastating. In the same way. Stealth aircraft, along with supersonic- and hypersonic systems. They are more vulnerable than old-fashioned systems. 

https://www.autonocion.com/us/america-drone-submarine-torpedo-tube/

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cdjp0n7rn41o

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/us-darpa-retrofit-f16-for-autonomous-flight

https://interestingengineering.com/military/china-truck-mounted-electromagnetic-catapult-drones

https://militarywatchmagazine.com/article/ukraine-fp9-threat-russian-cities

https://www.twz.com/air/massive-chinese-stealth-flying-wings-spotted-together-at-secretive-drone-test-base

https://www.twz.com/air/mq-28-ghost-bat-drone-debuts-in-large-force-combat-exercise-in-the-pacific

https://www.twz.com/air/pocket-fleet-of-mq-1-predators-still-serving-navy-test-community

https://vivatech.com/news/autonomous-drone-technology-uses-benefits-and-future-impact

https://www.twz.com/sea/kamikaze-drone-boats-used-by-u-s-in-combat-for-the-first-time

https://www.twz.com/sea/ukraine-lands-armed-robot-ashore-in-russian-held-territory-via-drone-boat

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GBU-57A/B_MOP

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poseidon_(unmanned_underwater_vehicle)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioisotope_thermoelectric_generator

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_underwater_vehicle

New production methods for synthetic DNA can revolutionize biomaterial technology.

“A Harvard-led team developed a silicon chip that writes dozens of DNA sequences in parallel using a water-based enzymatic process controlled by tiny electric currents. The breakthrough offers a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional DNA manufacturing and could help pave the way for portable DNA writing systems. Credit: SciTechDaily.com” (ScitechDaily, Harvard Scientists Turned a Silicon Chip Into a DNA Factory)

Researchers created a silicone microchip capable of synthesizing DNA. This type of system can be used to create customized DNA for bio- and nanotechnology. The system can produce custom DNA. Then the system can inject this DNA into the desired cells. That system makes it possible to create new types of cells that can get new benefits from that technology. The ability. To create. Customized immune cells. Makes it possible to create antibodies. That kind of DNA printer. They can be used to create stem cells by multiplying DNA. And then changing that DNA from the cell’s core. In those systems, the DNA printer moves over the cell culture. And then the injection system. It can remove the DNA and then replace it. By using another DNA. 

The ability to reprogram cells is the key element in genetic engineering. The problem is that. There needed. A certain number of DNA molecules. For gene therapy to be effective. This kind of small DNA factory. It can be surgically implanted . Into the body of the creature. That system could produce the DNA molecules that its programmers want. The system can “steal” material for the synthetic DNA from the cells. And then that system. It reassembles the DNA base pairs. Into orders that the programmers want. This kind of technology. It can revolutionize medical engineering. But it can have terrifying weapon solutions. 

The ability to create synthetic DNA is the thing. That makes many nanotechnical structures a reality. The nanotechnical armour can be a series of graphene layers. And DNA bites. Between those layers. They can act as springs. When something hits those layers. DNA springs. They will take that impact energy. Into them. The nano-rolls. They could transform heat energy into movement. And maybe those things. They can be based on the futuristic armour. But the DNA can simply act as the canvas. Nanotech DNA canvas. It can be the next-generation material. 

“A cross-section of a bristle worm jaw sample with the indentation testing sites labeled 1 to 11. Credit: Zelaya-Lainez et al.”(ScitechDaily, A Sea Worm’s Incredible “Bio-Metal” Jaws May Belong to an Entirely New Class of Material)

The sea worm can inspire new materials. “A sea worm’s metal-like jaws may represent an entirely new class of natural material. In the classic guessing game “20 Questions,” imagine asking “animal, vegetable, or mineral?” to help narrow down the answer.”(ScitechDaily, A Sea Worm’s Incredible “Bio-Metal” Jaws May Belong to an Entirely New Class of Material)

“For the ancient sea worm Perinereis cultrifera (which is still around to this day), the answer is surprisingly complicated. This species and other predatory bristle worms have powerful jaws made from structural proteins combined with ions. They use these jaws to bite, crush, and consume food.”(ScitechDaily, A Sea Worm’s Incredible “Bio-Metal” Jaws May Belong to an Entirely New Class of Material)

“The jaws are so unusual in both composition and performance that some scientists have proposed a new name for materials like them: bio-metals. Their study is becoming an emerging area of biophysics.” (ScitechDaily, A Sea Worm’s Incredible “Bio-Metal” Jaws May Belong to an Entirely New Class of Material)

The new materials. That can be flexible and then turn extra strong. In seconds. It can be based on the deep-sea worm. That worm has jaws that form proteins with metal ion glue. Those ion bonds make those jaws the “biometal”. “The term “bio-metal” describes more than a biological material that simply resembles metal. Scientific literature has previously used phrases such as “metallike biomaterials” or “biomaterials with metallike properties” for natural substances that approach metals in strength or electrical conductivity.” (ScitechDaily, A Sea Worm’s Incredible “Bio-Metal” Jaws May Belong to an Entirely New Class of Material)

The same proteins. They could be produced by using biotechnology. But with similar ion glues. They could also be used to connect DNA bits together. That can form the layer that can change its form. Deionization makes it possible. To turn the biological metal soft. That makes it easier to mold. When that process is ended. The system makes reionization. And that turns the material strong again. 

https://scitechdaily.com/harvard-scientists-turned-a-silicon-chip-into-a-dna-factory/

https://scitechdaily.com/a-sea-worms-incredible-bio-metal-jaws-may-belong-to-an-entirely-new-class-of-material/

New ramjet fuel can boost the offensive and defensive systems.

“The approach marks an essential risk reduction step in enabling solid fuel ramjet propulsion to help close a critical performance and cost gap. (Representational image)” (Interesting Engineering, Next-gen ramjet fuel propulsion system for future offensive, defensive missions tested)

A big problem. With ramjet technology. It’s that the ramjet engine cannot start in a static position. The system requires speed. About Mach 1 to ignite the engine. The engine itself has no compressors. The normal way is to launch those aircraft and missiles from another aircraft. Or the rocket accelerates the plane to the needed speed.  There is a possibility. To use rockets or jetpacks. The jetpack is a normal jet engine. That accelerates the ramjet-driven aircraft to the speed that it needs. When the ramjet is started. The jetpack can be separated. Or the system. It can close airflow into the turbine.  Basically, the jet fighter. It can pull the ramjet-driven system. Into the needed speed. 

The other answer. It's the rocket ramjet. There is also the possibility of using a flap system. That system closes the engine inlet face when the speed is too low. Then the system uses compressors to inject air into the combustion chamber. When the speed of that rocket ramjet is high enough. The system opens the engine inlet. And lets the air flow in. There is also the possibility of using an ion system. 

To accelerate air to the needed speed. The system ionizes air. And then pulls it through the ramjet engine. The dual-mode ramjet (DMR). It can mean a ramjet. That can operate at low speeds. Or it can operate at high supersonic speeds. And speeds over Mach 7. The dual-mode system. It can have both. Ramjet and scramjet engines. The scramjet engine. It's the hypersonic ramjet. The ramjet engine accelerates the system. Into the needed speed. 

And then it starts to use the scramjet. Basically, the afterburner is the ramjet engine. That is behind the turbojet. Similarly, the scramjet can act as an afterburner for the ramjet. The scramjet can be installed next to the ramjet. Or a cone in the ramjet. Its mission is to slow the airflow. It must be burned. Or somehow detonated. If that cone can be turned into ash. The scramjet. It can be put after the ramjet. 

The new rotating-detonation engines (RDE). They can operate as both engine types. They can operate as scramjets and ramjets. 

The difference between a rocket and a ramjet is that a rocket uses internally stored oxygen. A ramjet engine takes oxygen from the air. So, if we replace the rocket engine with a ramjet. That gives those systems more range. The ramjet engine can store more fuel than a rocket. The big difference between a ramjet and a solid-fuel rocket is that the rocket fuel is like explosives. The problem is short burning time. The bright exhaust gas also helps to detect the missile. 

The ramjet engine. It can make it possible. To create new long-range ammunition. The ramjet-driven artillery shell. It can operate at long distances. Unlike rocket-propelled shells, the ramjet keeps pressure in the cannon lower. If it ignites after the grenade leaves the tube. 

The air-breathing ramjet can burn its fuel much longer. The exhaust gas is colder. And that makes it harder for the satellite to see the infrared signature of those engines. One of the main problems. With ramjet engines. It is this. They use gas or liquid fuel. Solid ramjet fuel. It gives the ability to store that fuel. In hypersonic systems.  The high-speed, hypersonic ramjet system can fly at very high altitudes. The speed of the system. It compresses air in the ramjet engine. 

The effect is the same. As in cases like the SR-71 “Blackbird”. The SR-71 can fly so high because of its shape. Its shape. It aims. The air cone or pressure wave into the jet engine compressors. Hypersonic ramjet-based systems can fly in the high stratosphere. But lower than satellites. And that system. It can use advanced stealth technology. The ramjet-driven miniature shuttle. It can be shot on a trajectory. By using a ballistic missile. Then that cruise missile dives back to the high atmosphere. 

“Simple ramjet operation, with Mach numbers of flow shown” (Wikipedia, Ramjet)

“Diagram of principle of operation of a scramjet engine.” (Wikipedia, Scramjet)

“Breakthrough Hypersonic Dual-Mode Ramjet with Rotating Detonation Combustion” (Nextbigfuture) 

SR-71

And starts its ramjet engines. The idea. For those missiles comes. From the Soviet era. Soviets tested or planned the missile. That rises as a high-speed ramjet-driven cruise missile into a high ballistic trajectory. Then that ramjet-driven stage falls back into the atmosphere. And starts its engines. The collapse of the Soviet Union ended those projects. The difference between that Soviet-era system and “Avangard” is that. Avangard is a glider. The hypersonic glider has no active engine system. But that Soviet-era system. It had an active engine system.

The dual-mode ramjet engine is the system. That is even more effective than a ramjet. A Dual Mode Ramjet (DMR) is a ramjet engine. It can operate in both subsonic and supersonic combustion modes. DMR operation. It can be. Obtained using a fixed geometry if the overall Mach number range is not too wide. Like Mach 4 to 8. 

The dual-mode ramjet (DMR) engine. It can also mean that. Those engines can operate in high-supersonic and hypersonic areas. If the Russian Zircon missile operates at Mach 8. That means. That missile. It needs. Dual-mode ramjets. Or the system must boost the speed that a scramjet requires using the regular rocket engine. Or could it be possible? That the Russians lied about the speed of that system? Could it be lower? If the missile flies at speeds of Mach 4-6. That requires only a ramjet engine. 

I think that.  At least the Russians thought. About the possibility. To install the hypersonic “Zircon” missiles on targets by using long-range ballistic missiles. The ballistic missile returns to the atmosphere far away from its target. And releases the ramjet-driven part into the atmosphere. Normally, those Russian hypersonic cruise missiles are launched from ships using a rocket stage. Then the missile starts. To use a scramjet or dual-mode ramjet. The simplest possible dual-mode ramjet engine. It means the ramjet engine with the scramjet afterburner. Simplest way. It's to put the scramjet separately in the missile or aircraft body. 

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/ge-aerospace-hypersonic-dual-mode-ramjet

https://interestingengineering.com/military/next-gen-ramjet-fuel-propulsion-system

https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2023/12/breakthrough-hypersonic-dual-mode-ramjet-with-rotating-detonation-combustion.html

https://theaviationist.com/2023/12/16/ge-aerospace-demonstrates-hypersonic-dual-mode-ramjet/

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/defence/international/can-ukraine-stop-russias-zircon-missile-all-about-moscows-mach-9-hypersonic-weapon/articleshow/132276845.cms

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M22_Zircon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avangard_(hypersonic_glide_vehicle)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_SR-71_Blackbird

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramjet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotating_detonation_engine

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramjet

3D-printed ramjets and jet engines are an introduction to modern manufacturing systems.

3D printing technology. It can revolutionize hypersonic technology. And drone production. The new CAD/CAM (Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing) systems can manufacture any part if it has the right raw materials. The CAM technology. Means that the robotic printing system turns the CAD image straight into a product. 

3D printing technology is coming to jet engines. The new 3D printing systems with X-ray imaging are making it possible to create things like jet engines. By using those systems. The 3D-printed ramjet engines are tools. That can revolutionize drone and hypersonic technology. And these kinds of systems. That are container-sized, AI-controlled platforms that involve so-called vacuum work. The vacuum work means that those 3D printers can operate in a vacuum. The ability to create jet engines and parts for hypersonic missiles and drones. 

That can make many things possible. Operators can create spare parts for jet engines in hangars. The ability to print those systems. It turns drones’ prices low. In wildest dreams, the system. It can create drones in the operational areas. And that causes interesting thoughts. The ability to produce things like quadcopters remotely. Is a thing. 

That can be. The new tool for researchers and military operations. Only things that those systems require. They are the microchips. Highly advanced AI can search for raw materials from things like garbage. The system must only melt those things. Then it separates materials.  And then. It turns that raw material into metal and plastic wire. The vacuum system. It prevents. Organic materials from burning. The system can create trunks for quadcopters. 

"An artist's render of the 3D-printed Rampart engine."(IE)

That prevents air bubble formation in the printed object. Those printers use lasers, microwaves, and electric arcs to create high-temperature work. The system requires only the right materials. Those are small-sized systems. They can be transported into operational areas. And they can make things like spare parts for engines and weapons. The 3D printers can also create quadcopters. The fact is that. There are no limits to the size of the 3D printers. 

And this kind of system. They can print even ships or aircraft. There is no limit. For structures that 3D printers can make. The 3D printers. They can be mounted in quadcopters. And that can revolutionize repair work. The AI-controlled drone factories. They can offer the mass production of drones. The drone itself. It can be made of paper. If it must transport small things like small microphones. 

Drone factories. That can use auxiliary drones to search for raw materials. They are one step closer to Von Neumann factories. The self-replicating factories that can search for their raw materials. From nature. They can play a key role in terraforming planets. The drone factory that can make a copy of itself. It is the primary element in space exploration and terraforming planets like Venus. The drone factory. It can create drones. Equipped with carbon dioxide lasers. Those lasers should resonate. And destroy carbon dioxide atoms. 

The carbon dioxide-laser-equipped drones. They can make it possible to create the systems. That can destroy mine fields. The carbon dioxide lasers that are mounted in quadcopters. They can be game changers. The carbon dioxide lasers are the most powerful laser systems. They deliver their energy in the infrared range. This means that those systems deliver laser beams. That operate in the thermal area. Those laser-drones. They can be effective against combat material and human targets. Those drones can also cut holes in the hull of warships. The laser weapons can provide ultimate protection against drones and counter-drones. But those weapons can also give the same effect. As a rifle to target. 

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/beehives-3d-printed-rampart-engine

https://www.twz.com/sponsored-content/3d-printing-engines-to-power-hypersonic-weapons-is-fast-becoming-a-reality

Plasma engines. The route to space planes and interplanetary flight.

“Plasma Jet Engines Could Revolutionize Aviation and End Fossil Fuel Dependency. (CREDIT: Freepik)” (BrighterSide, Next-generation jet engine converts electricity directly into thrust)

In a traditional jet engine, combustion causes the fuel to expand. And then that expansion pushes the aircraft forward. In plasma engines, electromagnetic radiation ionizes air, creating plasma. And then magnets can drive it backwards. This gives. An enormous speed to those ions. The plasma jet and plasma rocket. They are quite the same thing. The difference. Is in the way those engines take gas. That they need. The plasma jet engine takes air from the atmosphere. And then it expands that gas. The plasma rocket uses an internal propellant source. 

But it's possible that a plasma jet can transform into a plasma rocket. The transformation. It happens this way: the system just closes the hatch from the air inlet. And then starts to use its internal propellant storage. These kinds of systems. Their compressor blows air from the side of the engine chamber, which could make it possible to start regular ramjets on the ground. If there is an exhaust hatch and the ability to push air from the side. Makes it possible to launch the nuclear-powered aircraft. Similar to Project Pluto from the regular runways. The hatch at the front of the ramjet allows this system. To drive the exhaust gases to the back. The nuclear engine makes it possible. To create the space plane with unlimited operational time. 

The system. It can make plasma by using electromagnetic radiation. The ionization. At the front of the wing. And a magnetic system. That drives those ions over the wing. It makes the gas move faster above the wing. This causes lift force. Same way as the run on runways causes in the wings of regular aircraft. Same way there is suspicion that the tower. That is in the middle. Of certain saucer-shaped aerial phenomenon. It is meant for some kind of ion propulsion. The system can ionize air. And then drive it very fast over the upper side. Of that kind of saucer-shaped aerial vehicle. That system. It can generate lift-off force by using the ion flow above the craft. 

“Researchers have developed a prototype jet engine powered by microwave air plasmas, offering thrust without fossil fuels. (CREDIT: CC BY-SA 4.0)” (BrighterSide, Next-generation jet engine converts electricity directly into thrust). 

Could this UAP have a plasma engine? That puts gas to flow very fast above this device. Another possibility is that the system. It can have an internal double-propeller system. Like in Kamov-type helicopters. 

In some models, the system creates a ball-shaped plasma structure. Then magnets will drive the plasma forward. That plasma makes the system act like a sail. In this system, the plasma pushes the craft forward. This kind of system can give the craft an ability. To levitate silently.  And if the craft pushes plasma forward. That makes it possible to create aircraft that have no exhaust gases. A plasma engine that takes the gas that it needs from air can fly almost forever. This means those plasma aircraft with plasma jet engines can act as atmospheric satellites. 

They can fly for years. Plasma jet engines. They can also make it possible. To create small-sized drones that have no operational time limits. Because a plasma jet engine is very small. This makes it possible to create pocket-sized drones. That can fly with supersonic speed. The problem is with the power sources. The plasma jet engine requires nuclear power. Or it needs wireless high-voltage energy transfer. The use of traditional turbogenerators onboard the aircraft. 

They are impractical. The aircraft that uses plasma jet engines. They can fly. Also in space.  The plasma jet. It uses internal gas storage. It can transfer to use internal propellant that those systems drive into an expansion chamber. These kinds of space planes. They can make even interplanetary journeys. And operate in other planets' atmospheres. The system can fill its propellant tanks. By using the air that it pulls from the atmosphere. The compressor system can deliver that gas into the expansion chamber. Or it can transfer it into fuel storage. These kinds of space planes could travel to other planets. But they would not be as effective as pulsed plasma fusion systems. The manned interplanetary mission requires something more powerful. Like a so-called VASIMIR (Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket) engine. 

The interplanetary system. It could generate plasma, or pulsed plasma. By using microwave or laser beams. NASA's innovative electromagnetic microwave propulsion system was the “regular” rocket engine. In that system. Microwaves cause expansion in the propellant. And that makes the system an electromagnetic rocket engine. But when we think about the hybrid systems. That connects the air-breathing plasma engines and plasma rockets. Unmanned interplanetary missions could use that kind of system. To take samples from gas giants like Jupiter and Saturn's atmosphere. If this kind of engine is mounted to SpaceX's Starship. That kind of nuclear-powered shuttle. It could take samples back from Mars to Earth. 

https://www.innovationnewsnetwork.com/the-power-of-plasma-propulsion-a-new-era-in-space-travel/60991/

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/science/nasas-new-plasma-engine-could-reduce-travel-time-to-mars/articleshow/130908505.cms

https://www.thebrighterside.news/post/next-generation-jet-engine-converts-electricity-directly-into-thrust/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamov_Ka-25

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_Specific_Impulse_Magnetoplasma_Rocket

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_propulsion_engine