New DNA-based technology. Makes it possible to create biological tools that can revolutionize computing.

"A new bio-hybrid technology blends DNA with electronics, pointing toward faster, smarter, and more energy-efficient computing inspired by nature itself. Credit: Stock" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Grew Mini Brains, Then Trained Them to Solve an Engineering Problem)

DNA can be the next-generation data storage.

A DNA molecule can act as chemical data storage.  There are many ways to ensure that data storage remains “forever”. The system. It can use an enzymatic system. That stores signals straight into the DNA. This makes DNA easier and faster. To produce.  This system can also revolutionize the ability to create synthetic DNA for genetic engineering and gene therapies. 

The DNA molecule or its constituent particles can act as a data storage medium. The last one means that, for example, adenine and guanine can be read as zero and one. This is an easier way to accomplish that data storage than using the entire DNA. The synthetic DNA. It can store information in bacteria, and then those bacteria can transfer that information into the microchip. By using electric impulses or bioluminescent light. This means that those bacterial spores can be stored almost everywhere. And then, when the system needs that data, it can return it in active form. 

Another version is to use bacteria that create the neurotransmitters. And then receptors like mini brains can receive those neurotransmitters. In some ideas, the synthetic DNA transforms the first bacteria into neurons. And then that process forms mini brains.  There is also a possibility that the synthetic DNA transforms those bacteria into neurons. And those neurons’ memories will be transmitted into the microchips. The DNA-based data architecture. It is one of the newest things in the world. DNA can also be stored in polymers. 

Then the system removes polymers and replaces some natural cell genomes. That thing transforms those cells into new ones. There is a possibility that artificial viruses can be injected into the blood. And there. They transform some cells into data transmitters. And then those data transmitter cells transport information into the human brain. That can be a tool. For fast learning tools. That can someday help people. To recover from brain damage.  

Above: Mini-brains learning. The system can use regular hard disks to store information. 

Researchers made mini brains solve an engineering problem. 

Minibrains are cloned neurons that can act as a biological computer. The biological microprocessor can store information in regular hard disks. And they can interact with regular computers that deliver missions to those neurons. If it is someday possible to create mini-brains with long-term memory. That thing can make it possible to create. Next-generation treatment for brain damage. 

The mini brains can learn things. But they cannot store information. Researchers created mini brains. That solved engineering problems. The problem is that those mini-brains or cloned neurons couldn’t store information. Researchers created a system. That had the ability for short-term learning. The lack of memory cells could cause a situation where those mini-brains. They are not able. To have long-term memory. The fact is that. Those mini brains are cloned neurons. Those neurons were all similar. There are three major vertical layers. In the brain. Cerebral Cortex, mesencephalon “mid brain”, and corpus callosum. The short-term memories. They are in the cerebral cortex. The cerebellum is a horizontal neural formation behind the cerebrum (The big brain). 

The corpus callosum  operates. The DNA-based memory.  Those memories make sure. that we are afraid of things like snakes and spiders, even if nobody teaches that those creatures are dangerous. Also, cells in the spinal cord have a memory role. Those cells are the muscle memory cells that know what to do when our feet slip. 

There in the spinal cord is a system called the reticular formation. Or ARAS ( ascending reticular activating system). This system activates reflexes. The ARAS system involves neural tracks. Straight from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord. And that activates reflexes. When we fall, we put out our hand. Tnto a certain position automatically. 

That system activates those instinctive actions when a human sees something that can be dangerous. The memories, like phobias that make us afraid of things like snakes and spiders, are in the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum’s brain cells. Involving memories. Those last over generations that are urgent for our species. Those cells can make it possible to create the mini-brains that have the ability to learn like humans. Actually, real brains have more than five types of neurons. Each brain area and layer has neurons. They have different missions. The memory cells involve different types of data. The data that humans use with outside actors. And other neurons act as routers. They know where they route information. 

The five main neuron types. By brain areas. There are also many subtypes of those neuron groups. Router neurons, sensor neurons, and memory neurons. 

1) Neurons that form the cerebral cortex. 

2) Neurons that form the cerebellum.

3) Neurons that form the corpus callosum. 

4) Spinal cord neurons. 

5) Neurons that form the mesencephalon. 

So researchers should make three mini brains. Each of the mini brains has one of those three cell types. And then they should put those three mini brains into a tower, which looks like a Big Mac hamburger. The point is that there must be. A pairless number of those neuron groups. That denies. The system. From getting stuck in an infinite loop. 

Maybe. Researchers should try. To create biological microprocessors by using a hamburger-shaped solution. The system could involve three “hamburger-mini brains”. 

The mini brains would be put. On a three-layer structure. The structure looks. A little bit like a Big Mac hamburger. The top layer is the cerebral cortex. The middle layer would act as the mesencephalon. And the bottom layer acts as the corpus callosum. The human memory acts like this. The cerebral cortex (the “brain shell”) sends information through the mesencephalon to the corpus callosum. Then the corpus callosum sends information back to the cerebral cortex. And in that process. The brain will choose information that it stores in long-term memory. The system involves three towers. And the last one acts in the same mission as the cerebellum. 

But there is another way to create a biological computer that solves problems. The mini-brains can be connected. With non-organic mass memory. Like a USB stick. The system reads information from those neurons as EEG curves. And stores it in the hard disk. This allows researchers to make mini brains where the organic part doesn’t store information. But the organic part processes information. And regular hard disks store that data. 

https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-grew-mini-brains-then-trained-them-to-solve-an-engineering-problem

https://scitechdaily.com/dna-meets-electronics-scientists-create-ultra-low-power-memory-breakthrough/

https://scitechdaily.com/enzymatic-synthesis-our-dna-is-becoming-the-worlds-tiniest-hard-drive/

https://scitechdaily.com/new-technology-peers-at-the-electrical-signals-inside-cells-may-inspire-new-fields-of-research/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebellum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_cortex

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_callosum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midbrain

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reticular_formation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord