NASA's TROPICS mission is the new way to observe storms.

TROPICS (Time-Resolved Observations of Precipitation Structure and Storm Intensity with a Constellation of Smallsats)-satellites are the new mission to search and observe storms by using spinning microwave sensors. Those sensors also can have passive mode. In that mode, microwave transmitters are shut down, and satellite searches for things like microwave effects of lightning. TROPICS is a constellation of cube satellites that can search Earth at 30 degrees equator. Those CubeSats operate as pairs, and their mission is to send information from storms simultaneously.

When two CubeSats with identical sensors travel simultaneously over a certain area they can transmit changes in the storms and their structures. The same technology that TROPICS uses can use also in many other satellites. If the remote-mapping or recon satellites operate as pairs, those satellites can search for changes in their target areas. The identical sensor packages make it easier to compare and connect data that those satellites transmit.

"Concept artwork of satellites comprising the TROPICS constellation working in concert to provide rapidly updating microwave observations of storms on Earth, measuring precipitation, temperature, and humidity of a storm. Credit: NASA" (ScitechDaily.com/NASA’s TROPICS Mission: Rocket Lab, CubeSats, and the Quest for Earth System Understanding)

"Rocket Lab’s Electron rocket lifts off from Launch Complex 1 at Mahia, New Zealand at 9:00 p.m., carrying two TROPICS CubeSats for NASA. Credit: Rocket Lab" (SciteechDaily.com/Storm Chasers of the Future: NASA, Rocket Lab Launch First Pair of TROPICS CubeSats)

Extreme wide shot view of Rocket Lab’s Launch Complex 1 in Mahia, New Zealand. The Electron rocket stands vertically at the launch pad. Credit: NASA. (ScitechDaily.com/NASA’s TROPICS Mission: Rocket Lab, CubeSats, and the Quest for Earth System Understanding)

If two satellites are pointing their bevel radars at the same target from different sides and then another satellite will take the frame just above the target, that system allows making a 3D model of targeted points. TROPICS satellites can make 3D models of thunderstorms. And they possibly help to develop models that meteorologists can use when they create algorithms that should predict tropical and other storms. The TROPICS is the pathfinder and maybe in the future around the Earth orbits large groups of small satellites that can have military and scientific missions.

Operators can share the satellites in small-satellite constellations can in groups. Those groups can be IR, visual, Laser, radar, etc. groups. Every single satellite, for example, a member of the IR group, could have only an IR system that is similar to other IR satellites and their sensors.

Those satellites can act as early-warning satellites but they can send information about Earth's atmosphere and its temperature as well as they can search for missile launches. The laser-satellite can have lidar systems or they can search for pollution from the upper atmosphere. Also, ELINT (Electronic Intelligence Satellites) can act as members of their group.

TROPICS is the new way to think about technology. The swarm of small satellites that have limited sensors can act as an entirety. That technology bases the same ideas as the drone swarms. Satellites with different sensors can act as the entirety. And if those satellites are clones with identical systems. That makes it easier to compare the data that they send. Another thing is that if one of those satellites is lost, it's easier to replace.

https://scitechdaily.com/nasas-tropics-mission-rocket-lab-cubesats-and-the-quest-for-earth-system-understanding/

https://scitechdaily.com/storm-chasers-of-the-future-nasa-rocket-lab-launch-first-pair-of-tropics-cubesats/

MIT's tractor beam can make the new types of SASER systems possible

"This chip-based "tractor-beam," which uses an intensely focused beam of light to capture and manipulate biological particles without damaging the cells, could help biologists study the mechanisms of diseases."(Interesting Engineering, MIT’s Star Wars-inspired ‘tractor beam’ uses light to capture, manipulate cells) MIT's tractor beam can make the new types of SASER systems possible. The tractor beam just hovers the nanoparticle in air or medium, and then the laser or some other electromagnetic system transports oscillation into those particles. The ability to make cells and other particles hover in the system makes it possible to create particles whose energy level or resonance frequencies are accurately calculated things. That thing makes it possible to create things that transmit wave movement accurately and cleanly. This is one version of the use of a tractor beam. Modern tractor beams are like acoustic tweezers where sound waves lock the object in its cr

The new observations tell that the thunderstorms form gamma-rays. That could make gamma-ray lasers possible.

"An illustration of NASA’s research plane ER-2 flying over thunderstorms. Credit: University of Bergen / Mount Visual (CC BY 4.0), edited" (ScitechDaily, Surprising Discovery: NASA’s Retrofitted U2 Spy Plane Reveals Tropical Lightning Storms Are Radioactive) The new observations tell that the thunderstorms form gamma-rays. That could make gamma-ray lasers possible. The process has been observed by the NASA (Lockheed) ER-2 research plane, which is a modified U-2 spy plane. The gamma-ray formation in thunderstorms. Where lightning and electric fields release electrons that impact the air molecules and water droplets is an interesting thing. That thing opens the route to solving many mysteries. "The general physics behind how thunderstorms create high-energy flashes of gamma radiation is not a mystery. As thunderstorms develop, swirling drafts drive water droplets, hail, and ice into a mixture that creates an electric charge much like rubbing a balloon on your shirt. Pos

Chinese innovations and space lasers are interesting combinations.

Above: "Tiangong is China's operational space station located in low Earth orbit. (Image credit: Alejomiranda via Getty Images)" (Scpace.com, China's space station, Tiangong: A complete guide) Chinese are close to making nuclear-powered spacecraft. Almost every day, we can read about Chinese technical advances. So are, the Chinese more innovative than Western people? Or is there some kind of difference in culture and morale between Western and Chinese societies? The Chinese superiority in hypersonic technology is one of the things that tells something about the Chinese way of making things. In China, the mission means. And the only thing that means is mission. That means that things like budgets and safety orders are far different from Western standards. If some project serves the Chinese communist party and PLA (People's Liberation Army) that guarantees unlimited resources for those projects. Chinese authorities must not care about the public opinion. If we th

Interesting and futuristic innovations

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