China has made very big work with MHD (MagnetoHydrodynamic Drive). Those ion thrusters are ionizing air at the forward of the engine and then the magnetic system will pull it backward. Other names for the MHD are MDD(MagnetoDynamic Drive) or plasma ion thruster.
The plasma jet engine called PPT (Pulsed Plasma Thruster) is the system that can drive aircraft higher and faster than anytime before. The nuclear reactor or gas turbine inside the core of the hypersonic aircraft can create electricity for that system. Pulsed plasma thrusters can give things like jet fighters new abilities.
That kind of system is developed also by Russians and NASA. And its purpose is to accelerate the aircraft to hypersonic speed. In that kind of system, the carrier plane would take the space shuttle near the orbiter where the orbiter shuttle will release to operate at orbiter.
The original shuttle constructions by NASA the plans were to take the space shuttle near the edge of the atmosphere by using large-size carrier aircraft. Then the rocket engines of the shuttle would start. And it can operate at the orbiter.
There were at least plans for making the EMU (Enhanced Mission Unit). That is the internal extra-fuel tanks for the space shuttle. I don't know did a real space shuttle ever use that system. But the shuttle program's first test flights by using the space shuttle launched from the back of the Boeing 747 caused speculations that this version of launch could use in some shuttle flights.
There is the possibility that the large shuttle will take to the edge of the atmosphere. Then the rocket engines will start. And then that full-scale system will release the miniature shuttle. The miniature shuttle can also be launched by using some other vehicle. And it can take satellites to the cargo bay of the larger shuttle.
https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3168220/can-chinas-experimental-engine-supercharge-hypersonic-space-race
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_thruster
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_propulsion_engine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsed_plasma_thruster
Image 1) https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3168220/can-chinas-experimental-engine-supercharge-hypersonic-space-race
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