The Medusa: advanced nuclear pulse propulsion.

Basically. The Medusa system is based on a similar concept. With the famous project Orion. The attempt to create the nuclear pulse propulsion for the interplanetary flight. Project Orion planned to use small nuclear bombs to accelerate its speed to interplanetary missions. And basically. We can say that the Medusa is the modified  "Orion" that uses the solar sail for acceleration. 

The solar sail can be packed at the nose of the "Orion" and the system can use solar energy to accelerate its speed before it detonates nuclear bombs. Even if in that film the nuclear bomb is detonated at the front of the craft. It's possible to detonate them behind the craft and then the would be the Orion, which uses solar sail for accelerating its speed and the nuclear bombs will get into use when the caft is away from the sun. 

When sunlight is weak the Medusa system can continue its journey by using nuclear bombs like small hydrogen bombs. The craft can have two magnets away from its shell. Their mission would be to transfer ions like helium or alpha ions and beta particles like anions and electrons into those magnets. That protects the spacecraft shell and its crew or measurement tools against those particles. And if those nukes launch at the front of the craft those magnets minimize the force that pushes the craft backward. 

There are many ways to use nuclear bombs in acceleration. The craft can carry nuclear bombs inside it. The small neutron bombs will push the craft forward. But then we can think that large-size hydrogen bombs will shoot into space at certain points of the Medusa's trajectory. When Medusa passes those points the 50 mt. Hydrogen bombs will explode. And they will push the craft forward. But in some models, the system can use things like small antimatter bombs to give acceleration. 

In some lightweight systems, the large parabolic mirror will heat the hydrogen in the tank. Hydrogen can give energy to the solar generators. And if the system has a cooler that thing can make it possible to recycle hydrogen. 

Medusa as a weapon. 

There is the possibility to use the Medusa-type system as a weapon. In those systems, parabolic mirror collects sunlight for lasers. In lasers, those mirrors will aim the sunlight at the laser element which can be carbon dioxide laser. Those lasers give very high-energy pulses. The large mirror can also operate as an energy collector for nuclear lasers. 

In those systems, the nuclear weapon's flash will focus by using that mirror into the lasers that can be very powerful. In some other versions of the high-power X-ray lasers, the laser system gets its energy from the nuclear bomb that detonates around the laser element. That gives a very high power energy impulse to the target. 

The DNA-controlled nano-robots can be the next-generation tool for civil and military.

R&D work with tiny robots is work that requires high morale. The thing is that we want to make robots for good. But things like dictatorships are also interesting in the military and espionage applications of those systems. Those robots are extremely potential tools for the military. And the world is so a bad place, that we need weapon applications to defend ourselves. 

The nano-robots and nanorobot swarms are the new tools to fight against cancer. Those things can travel inside the human body, and then remove or inject medicine into cells that are targeted to them. Nanomachines can move artificial DNA to the targeted cells and those DNA bites can order the cell to die. 

The nanorobots can also clean blood vessels and make many things that were impossible a short time ago.  DNA can be used as a computer program in many ways. In simplest models. The DNA bites that travel through the reader and their length determines the value of the number one or zero. Another way is to transform those DNA bites into the bar code that the computer reads. 

The third version that can control miniature robots is the artificial DNA bites that involve some attribute of certain cells. The AI-based systems can search certain actions of the cell, and then locate the point of the DNA that activates that action. Then the artificial DNA will be collected from the wanted attributes of cells. 

The nanorobot swarms can also be used to transport and inject medicines and vaccines into humans and animals. The nanorobot swarms can collect samples from flora and fauna. But as we know there are dark sides also in that technology. The same robots that can inject medicines into people can inject deadly poisons. The same robots that can transport DNA into the targeted cells can leave those cells in the body. That causes death because of gangrene. In medical work, that thing is very important. 

But for military purposes that kind of system is suitable for many undercover operations. Biotechnology allows researchers to create snake- or spider poisons using cell cultures. And that means. There are many things. That makes nanotechnology dangerous in the wrong hands. The rotor-shaped nanorobot that slips into cells can turn the entire body into liquid. 

The nanorobots are tools that can observe bugs and animals. But they can also break human privacy. They can slip into rooms or touch their clothes and transmit information to the receiver. The nanorobot can be on the microprocessor. It can record and re-transmit all data that travels through that microchip. Nanotechnology is a fascinating but also terrifying tool. They can give cures for cancer. Or they can terminate any person in the world. 

The new systems are making it possible to create nano- and quantum materials.

"An artist’s representation of a scanning tunneling microscope probing a toluene molecule. Credit: Dr. Kristina Rusimova, Hannah Martin, and Pieter Keenan" (ScitechDaily, Breakthrough in Nanotechnology Unlocks Atomic Precision for Medicine and Energy)

The new observation tools like X-ray microscopes and scanning tunneling microscopes make it possible for researchers to see things that happen inside atoms. The limit of microscopes is the radiation wavelength that the microscope sees. And the microscope cannot see objects whose diameter is smaller than the observation radiation tool's wavelength. New microscopes see things like structures from individual protons and neutrons. 

The limit for observation tools like scanning tunneling microscopes (STM) is the size of the particle the system uses to scan objects. The STM hovers particles between the layer and the stylus. The changes in the quantum fields around that hovering object tell about the layer that the system scans. 

The particle that hovers between an object and a stylus is the limit of the resolution of the scanning tunneling microscope. And if the system can hover gluon or quark between it and its target. That thing forms the system that resolution is so high, that it can help to move single protons, neutrons, electrons, and other things like quarks. 

The quantum entanglement makes it possible to hover single photons above the target. Things like gamma-ray microscopes can give even more high-resolution images of atoms and their particles. But the problem is how to produce gamma rays and turn them into coherent radiation. 

The ability to see an object makes it possible to manipulate it. That thing is extremely important in nanotechnology. The nanomachines and nano-tools are systems that are based on atomic-size components. The system means precisely selected and positioned atomic structures in molecules. 

The system requires highly advanced manipulation systems. And highly advanced learning neural networks. That can collect and process data from multiple sources. Those things are important for building long-chain molecules and complex molecular structures. Those systems can make it possible to create a revolution in medicine, material research, and manufacturing. The nanomachines are tools that can make many things possible. 

"Data from past proton-electron collisions provide strong evidence of entanglement among the proton’s sea of quarks (spheres) and gluons (squiggles), which may play an important role in their strong-force interactions. Credit: Valerie Lentz/Brookhaven National Laboratory" (ScitechDaily, “Spooky Action” at Ultra-Short Distances: Unlocking the Quantum Core of Matter)

Quantum materials are even more impressive than nanotechnology. 

Nanotechnology can create materials that can fix themselves. Or they can create. Things like 2D neutron graphene. The neutron-graphene is a theoretical material that is like graphene but it's formed of neutrons. That material forms the neutron stars. 

The 2D neutron graphene has one problem. The free neutron decay time is about 15 minutes. But it's possible to trap this neutron network between two layers that could be graphene. Then the system must press energy to those neutrons to deny their decay. But that thing is purely hypothetical material. The idea is that all materials and their parts can be put in 2D form if they are polar. 

 In the most futuristic visions. The quarks can form similar networks. As neutrons form in neutron stars. The ability to see single quarks makes that kind of material possible. However, theory is not a practical solution.  Locking those particles is very difficult. 

But if the system can lock particles like neutrons or quarks into the nanonet and inject energy into them. That makes it possible to create the maser system that sends radiation with the same wavelength as the size of the particles. So those systems can make it possible to create neutron-radiation masers. Or the masers that wavelength is the same as the quark's dimension. 

The superconductivity between quarks could be a useful thing. In nano-size systems. The quark superconductivity can form because quarks are in the same quantum field. If electricity travels in the quantum field that hovers above particles. There is no Hall effect or Hall field. The Hall effect or resistance forms in the standing waves between particles. 

When electricity tries to travel through those waves it must pack so much power that it can travel through those waves. Those waves pull part of that electricity into it. And if that standing potential field does not exist there is no resistance. The quantum field that continues over particles in a straight form makes that structure superconducting. 

But theoretically. the protons can also make similar networks. The problem is that. They require some kind of glue between them to keep protons in their form. 

Theoretically is possible to create things called 2D atoms. In those quantum materials, the protons and neutrons form the ring. Like carbon atoms are in graphene. The protons and neutrons are in turn at that ring. That kind of structure can be very strong. 

https://scitechdaily.com/breakthrough-in-nanotechnology-unlocks-atomic-precision-for-medicine-and-energy/

https://scitechdaily.com/cracking-the-proton-code-unveiling-the-secrets-of-the-universes-building-blocks/

https://scitechdaily.com/neutron-stars-illuminate-the-hidden-physics-of-quark-superconductivity/

https://scitechdaily.com/spooky-action-at-ultra-short-distances-unlocking-the-quantum-core-of-matter/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall_effect

Walther engine: an interesting fuel experiment.

Injecting water and sulfur acid or hydrogen peroxide into diesel engine cylinders makes a new type of steam engine. And that is an interesting attempt to replace petroleum from cars. 

In the 1910's before service stations, some cars used steam engines. The steam engine cars were popular until the gas station network was comprehensive enough. Those petroleum stations left steam engine cars into history. But it's possible that if the engineers had put their time into "precisely operating steam engines" those steam cars would not be put into history. The precisely operating engine means that the system injects water and sulfur acid or hydrogen peroxide into the combustion cylinders. When hydrogen peroxide or sulfur acid is injected into those chambers it creates heat and steam.  

Sometimes, researchers introduced that the diesel engine could be turned into a steam engine. They could operate without fossil fuels by using peroxide or sulfur acid-water mixture as the tool that replaced the combustion. In that system, another line transports water into the cylinder. Then the fuel injector injects sulfur acid or hydrogen peroxide into the cylinder. That kind of system can make it possible to create a new type of steam engine that should not create pollution. The problem is that the sulfur acid itself is a very corrosive thing. But it's possible that if that kind of system were created in the 1910's those steam engine cars still exist. 

The Walther turbine is used in torpedoes. The system works with hydrogen peroxide that reacts with water. The 90+% hydrogen peroxide will conduct to the turbine along with water. The chemical reaction creates heat and water vapor. And then that pressurized steam rotates turbines. In some other versions, the system uses sulfur acid that reacts with water and creates heat and vapor as hydrogen peroxide. In those systems, the attempt to replace fossil fuel was because the fuel must be stored in torpedoes. In the 1940's during WWII. German researchers developed submarines that used hydrogen peroxide and water as tools that created the steam for turbines that the submarine could use in underwater drive. 

Those systems gave test submarines an impressive underwater speed of 20-29 knots, which was much more than the normal diesel-electric propulsion. During WWII Germans built 31 (12A and 19B models) XVII-type submarines. But after WWII the interest in that system ended. And the reason was that. The hydrogen peroxide was expensive. The system could use sulfur acid for the same purpose, but for some reason, those systems didn't too flame. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_XVII_submarine